MSN 610 Quiz 2 100% Solved 2024

MSN 610 Quiz 2 100% Solved 2024 cerebrum -Correct Answer-primarily responsible for a person's mental status cerebral cortex -Correct Answer-gray outer layer of cerebrum. houses the higher mental functions and is responsible for perception and behavior. Broca area -Correct Answer-Located in the frontal lobe; is responsible for the formation of words or speech frontal lobe -Correct Answer-responsible for decision making, problem solving, the ability to concentrate, and short-term memory. Associated areas—related to emotions, affect, drive, and awareness of self and the autonomic responses related to emotional states—also originate in the frontal lobe. parietal lobe -Correct Answer-primarily responsible for receiving and processing sensory data. temporal lobe -Correct Answer-responsible for perception and interpretation of sounds as well as localizing their source. The temporal lobe is also involved in the integration of behavior, emotion, and personality, as well as long-term memory Wernicke speech area -Correct Answer-which allows a person to understand spoken and written language. Located in temporal lobe. The limbic system -Correct Answer-mediates certain patterns of behavior that determine survival (e.g., mating, aggression, fear, and affection). Reactions to emotions such as anger, love, hostility, and envy originate here, but the expression of emotion and behavior is mediated by connections between the limbic system and the frontal lobe. A major function is memory consolidation needed for long-term memory. reticular system -Correct Answer-a collection of nuclei in the brainstem, regulates vital reflexes such as heart and respiratory functioning. It also maintains wakefulness, which is important for consciousness and for awareness and arousal functions. Disruption of the ascending reticular activating system can lead to altered mental status (e.g., confusion and delirium) Infants and children (brain) -Correct Answer-All brain neurons are present at birth in a full-term infant, but brain development continues with myelinization of nerve cells over several years. Brain insults, such as infection (e.g., Zika virus or rubella), trauma, or metabolic imbalance, can damage brain cells, which may result in serious per- manent dysfunction in mental status. Genetic disorders may also affect cognitive development and mental status. adolescents (brain) -Correct Answer-Intellectual maturation continues, with greater capacity for information and vocabulary development. Abstract thinking (i.e., the ability to develop theories, use logical reasoning, make future plans, use generalizations, and consider risks and possibilities) develops during this period. Judgment begins to develop with education, intelligence, and experience. Older adults (brain) -Correct Answer-Cognitive function should be intact in the healthy older adult, but declines in cognitive abilities occur in some older adults after 60 or 70 years of age. Speed of information processing and psychomotor speed begin declining at a modest rate after 30 years of age. However, verbal skills and general knowledge continue to increase into the 60s and often remain stable into the 80s. Cognitive declines in executive functioning (the ability to plan and develop strategies, organize, concentrate and remember details, and manage activities) may precede memory loss and other cognitive impairments. The cognitive decline leading to dementia may occur over 20 to 30 years, and it may begin as early as 45 years of age in some persons. State of Consciousness -Correct Answer-The patient should be oriented to person, place, and time and make appropriate responses to questions, as well as physical and environmental stimuli. Person disorientation results from cerebral trauma, seizures, or amnesia. Place disorientation occurs with psychiatric disorders, delirium, and cognitive impairment. Time disorientation is associated with anxiety, delirium, depression, and cognitive impairment. The Glasgow Coma Scale is used to quantify the level of consciousness after an acute brain injury or medical condition Analogies (Cognitive Abilities) -Correct Answer-Ask the patient to describe simple analogies first and then more complex analogies: • What is similar about these objects: Peaches and lemons? Ocean and lake? Trumpet and flute? • Complete this comparison: An engine is to an airplane as an oar is to a ____. • What is different about these tw