nursing 222 Questions Perfectly Answered!!

Health - State of physical, mental, spiritual, and social functioning within developmental context Both individual and societal responsibility A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO, 1947) health promotion (WHO) - enables people to increase control over their own health. It covers a wide range of social and environmental interventions that are designed to benefit and protect individual people's health and quality of life by addressing and preventing the root causes of ill health, not just focusing on treatment and cure. Illness - Composed of the subjective experience of individual and physical manifestation of disease disease - Failure of a person's adaptive mechanisms Results in functional or structural disturbances Can you have an illness without a disease? Disease without illness? - Internal variables that influence health - developmental stage, intellectual background, perception of functioning, emotional factors, spiritual factors external variables that influence health - family practices, socioeconomic factors, cultural background What are the 4 Models of health - Clinical Role performance Adaptive Eudaimonistic modelClinical model of health - absence of disease, prevention not emphasized (only goes to Dr. when sick) Role performance model of health - Health in terms of *ability to perform a role*: work, family, social, etc.; basis for occupational health Adaptive model of health - A person's measure of health is his or her ability to adjust positively to social, mental, and physiological change. Illness occurs when the person fails to adapt or becomes maladaptive to these changes. Eudaimonistic model of health - Exuberant well-being: interaction and interrelationships in multiple aspects of life. Emphasizes interactions between physical, social, physchological and spiritual aspects of life and environment What is healthy people 2020 - is the federal government's prevention agenda for building a healthier nation. It is a statement of national health objectives designed to identify the most significant preventable threats to health and to establish national goals to reduce these threats. What are the HP 2020 4 overarching initiatives and goals - Attain high-quality, longer lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death; Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups; Create social and physical environments that promote good health for all; Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behaviors across all life stages. Healthy people 2020 Leading health indicators (LHI) -What are the 3 levels of Prevention? - 1. Primary Prevention 2. Secondary Prevention 3. Tertiary Prevention Primary Prevention - Efforts to prevent an injury or illness from ever occurring. smoking cessation, hearing protection Health promotion (e.g., education)nutrition awareness, physical exercise Specific protection (e.g., immunization, reducing exposure to carcinogens, occupational hazards) Secondary Prevention - Screening:MRI, mammograms Goal: Identify individuals in early, detectable stage of disease, prompt intervention Treating early stages of disease Limiting disability Interventions similar to primary prevention but applied to individuals/ populations with disease