JMU SCOM Final Questions and Answers(A+ Solution guide)

A circumstance that forms a setting so an idea or statement can be easily understood - Answer-Context A citation that is used correctly and states the origin of that point - Answer-Appropriate Oral Citation A citation that makes it clear to people exactly where you got the information from and it gets through to the audience with ease - Answer-Effective Oral Citation A concise, precise infinitive phrase composed of simple, clear language that encompasses both the general purpose and the central idea and indicates what the speaker hopes to accomplish with the speech - Answer-Specific Purpose in Public Speaking A delayed, thoughtful response to language that seeks to break down the users' intended meaning of a word - Answer-Semantic Reaction A generalization about a group or category of people - Answer-Stereotype A learned predisposition to respond favorably or unfavorably toward some attitude object - AnswerAttitude of Audience A listener seeking more information from others by asking questions - Answer-Probing Response A listener who only looks for the faults in what the speaker has to say - Answer-Cynicism A morpheme always attached to a free morpheme to create a unit of meaning Ex: CRANberry -> It changes the meaning of "berry" but it's not an independent word - Answer-Bound Morpheme A morpheme that is a stand-alone word Ex: Berry - Answer-Free MorphemeA part of grammar that describes the patterns of sound in a language - Answer-Phonology A personal attack on the messenger to avoid the message - Answer-Ad Hominem Fallacy A predictable sequence of events that indicates what we are expected to do in a given situation - Answer-Script A predisposition to defend a fixed geographic area, or territory, as one's domain (Ex: Keep out sign on yard) - Answer-Territoriality A social movement that promotes the value of diversity as a core principle and insists that all cultural group be treated with respect and as equals - Answer-Multiculturalism A willingness to accept claims without solid reasoning or valid evidence and to hold these beliefs tenaciously even if a lot of contradictory evidence disputes them - Answer-True belief Ability to create new words - Answer-Productivity Ability to interpret other people's use of language - Answer-Critical Thinking Ability to represent ideas, objects, and events symbollically - Answer-Semanticity Able to rotate/switch and recognize the speaker - Answer-Regulation Acting on an inaccurate expectation that produces the expected behavior and confirms the original impression - Answer-Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Adding emphasis to the situation, using emotion, which enhances the power and seriousness of the verbal message - Answer-AccentuationAdds to the primacy effect which can distort your view of others - Answer-Negativity Bias Basing a claim on popular opinion - Answer-Ad Populum Fallacy Biological influences (Ex: Sweaty palms) - Answer-Physiological Noise Characteristics such as age, gender, culture and ethnicity, and group affiliations - Answer-Demographics of Audience Conclusions about the unknown based on the known like guesses or already known language - AnswerInference Describe how self-concept is formed - Answer-- By what others say about you - How you feel about yourself Describe the listening response styles associated with empathic listening - Answer-Includes supporting and understanding... Focus is put on the speaker which enhances a person's self-esteem and confidence Describe the listening response styles associated with non-empathic listening - Answer-Includes evaluating, advising, interpreting, and content-only... Tend to be disconfirming, so they diminish the person and reduce confidence Describe the skills needed to be an effective and appropriate communicator - Answer-- Progress towards the achievement of their goal - Know that even the best communicators make errors - Communication focuses on the "we" aspect instead of the "me" Engaging in communication with others that is perceived to be both effective and appropriate in a given context - Answer-Communication competenceEnthusiasm, energy, and forcefulness - Answer-Dynamism Everyone's worldview defines their interpretation of events - Answer-Subjectivity