Psych 375 Cognition: Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions

Psych 375 Cognition: Exam 1 Study Guide with Complete Solutions Wilhelm Wundt: - Correct Answer father of modern/experimental psychology, had first real psych lab, promoted introspection (internal processes), wanted to break cognition down into constituents Mary Whiton Calkins: - Correct Answer US scientist, interested in memory, president of APA, researched "recency effect" (look at list, try to remember as many as possibly, words presented most recently were remembered the best) William James: - Correct Answer father of American psychology, attention and tip of the tongue phenomenon, more philosopher, thoughtful about cognitive processes, interested in entire function rather than different parts like Wunt Behaviorism: - Correct Answer study of reaction to stimuli, external B. F. Skinner: - Correct Answer behaviorist, interested in language, conditioning John B. Watson: - Correct Answer American psychologist, tired of the subjective theme of introspection. Behaviorism could be more objectively measured. Also believed that cognitive processes did not play a role in behavior. Believed the absolute prediction of behavior based on stimuli. Performed the "Little Albert" experiment. Cognitive revolution - Correct Answer an intellectual movement that began in the 1950s as an interdisciplinary study of the mind and its processes. It later became known collectively as cognitive science Hermann Ebbinghaus: - Correct Answer contemporary of Wundt, performed research on himself involving memory, memorize list of syllables, discovered learning curve of memory, E. C. Tolman: - Correct Answer trained rats through mazes based on reward, cognitive maps in the mind of the rats, Noam Chomsky: - Correct Answer cognitive psychologist, interested in language, writings about language kicked of cognitive revolution in 1950's Gestalt psychology: - Correct Answer in