R
Instructor’s Resource Manual and Test Bank
for
U
Applying Educational Research: How to Read,
SE
Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of
Practice
Seventh Edition
IS
O
M. D. Gall
N
Professor Emeritus, University of Oregon
N
Joyce P. Gall
Independent Researcher
O
Walter R. Borg
C
Late of Utah State University
ED
M
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
, R
U
SE
IS
O
N
N
______________________________________________________________________
O
Copyright © [2015, 2010, 2005, 1999, 1993] by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured
in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be
C
obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or
transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To
ED
obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education,
Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax
your request to 201-236-3290.
M
Instructors of classes using M.D. Gall, Joyce Gall, and Walter Borg’s Applying Educational Research:
How to Read, Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of Practice, may reproduce material from the
instructor's resource manual and test bank for classroom use.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-10: 0132869616
ISBN-13: 9780132869614
www.pearsonhighered.com
ii
,PART I: DESIGNING AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON RESEARCH METHODS FOR
EDUCATORS
A. THE BIG PICTURE 2
1. Two possible course emphases 2
2. The textbook 3
Features of the textbook 3
Selecting textbook chapters for your course 4
3. Organization of the Instructor’s Manual 4
B. ELEMENTS OF A COURSE SYLLABUS 5
R
1. Background information 5
U
2. Course description 5
3. Course prerequisites 5
SE
4. Course objectives 5
5. Course schedule 6
6. Class activities 6
Guest presenters
Incorporating the students’ perspective
IS 7
7
O
7. Class tests 7
8. Homework assignments and course projects 7
N
Literature review 8
N
Critique of articles 8
Research proposal for a formal study 8
O
Action research project 8
Paper preparation guidelines 8
C
9. Grading procedures 9
ED
10. Dual course number 9
11. Class attendance policy 9
12. Absence policy 9
M
13. Documented disability 10
14. Course incompletes 10
15. Academic misconduct policy 10
C. COURSE EVALUATION 10
D. TEACHING TIPS 10
E. CONTACTING THE AUTHORS 11
iii
, PART II: TEACHING ACTIVITIES AND TEST ITEMS FOR EACH CHAPTER
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 13
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 17
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 20
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 23
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 26
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 30
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 34
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 40
R
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 44
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 47
U
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 50
SE
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 55
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 61
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 65
Chapter 15 Narrative Research
Chapter 16 Historical Research
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research
IS 69
72
75
O
Chapter 18 Action Research 78
N
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 81
N
PART III: ANSWERS FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE AND SHORT-ANSWER TEST ITEMS
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 86
O
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 88
C
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 89
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 91
ED
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 92
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 94
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 95
M
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 96
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 98
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 99
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 100
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 102
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 104
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 106
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 108
iv
Instructor’s Resource Manual and Test Bank
for
U
Applying Educational Research: How to Read,
SE
Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of
Practice
Seventh Edition
IS
O
M. D. Gall
N
Professor Emeritus, University of Oregon
N
Joyce P. Gall
Independent Researcher
O
Walter R. Borg
C
Late of Utah State University
ED
M
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
, R
U
SE
IS
O
N
N
______________________________________________________________________
O
Copyright © [2015, 2010, 2005, 1999, 1993] by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured
in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be
C
obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or
transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To
ED
obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education,
Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax
your request to 201-236-3290.
M
Instructors of classes using M.D. Gall, Joyce Gall, and Walter Borg’s Applying Educational Research:
How to Read, Do, and Use Research to Solve Problems of Practice, may reproduce material from the
instructor's resource manual and test bank for classroom use.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-10: 0132869616
ISBN-13: 9780132869614
www.pearsonhighered.com
ii
,PART I: DESIGNING AN INTRODUCTORY COURSE ON RESEARCH METHODS FOR
EDUCATORS
A. THE BIG PICTURE 2
1. Two possible course emphases 2
2. The textbook 3
Features of the textbook 3
Selecting textbook chapters for your course 4
3. Organization of the Instructor’s Manual 4
B. ELEMENTS OF A COURSE SYLLABUS 5
R
1. Background information 5
U
2. Course description 5
3. Course prerequisites 5
SE
4. Course objectives 5
5. Course schedule 6
6. Class activities 6
Guest presenters
Incorporating the students’ perspective
IS 7
7
O
7. Class tests 7
8. Homework assignments and course projects 7
N
Literature review 8
N
Critique of articles 8
Research proposal for a formal study 8
O
Action research project 8
Paper preparation guidelines 8
C
9. Grading procedures 9
ED
10. Dual course number 9
11. Class attendance policy 9
12. Absence policy 9
M
13. Documented disability 10
14. Course incompletes 10
15. Academic misconduct policy 10
C. COURSE EVALUATION 10
D. TEACHING TIPS 10
E. CONTACTING THE AUTHORS 11
iii
, PART II: TEACHING ACTIVITIES AND TEST ITEMS FOR EACH CHAPTER
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 13
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 17
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 20
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 23
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 26
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 30
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 34
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 40
R
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 44
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 47
U
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 50
SE
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 55
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 61
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 65
Chapter 15 Narrative Research
Chapter 16 Historical Research
Chapter 17 Mixed-Methods Research
IS 69
72
75
O
Chapter 18 Action Research 78
N
Chapter 19 Evaluation Research 81
N
PART III: ANSWERS FOR MULTIPLE-CHOICE AND SHORT-ANSWER TEST ITEMS
Chapter 1 Using Research Evidence to Improve Educational Practice 86
O
Chapter 2 Doing Your Own Research: From Proposal to Final Report 88
C
Chapter 3 Conducting and Writing Your Own Literature Review 89
Chapter 4 Using Search Engines in a Literature Review 91
ED
Chapter 5 Analyzing and Evaluating Reports of Quantitative Research Studies 92
Chapter 6 Using Descriptive Statistics to Analyze Problems of Practice 94
Chapter 7 Tests of Statistical Significance 95
M
Chapter 8 The Practical Significance of Statistical Results 96
Chapter 9 Descriptive Research 98
Chapter 10 Group Comparison Research 99
Chapter 11 Correlational Research 100
Chapter 12 Experimental Research 102
Chapter 13 Case Studies in Qualitative Research 104
Chapter 14 Ethnography and Critical Research 106
Chapter 15 Narrative Research 108
iv
