This is a glossary of all the key terms from the book 'The Student’s
Guide to Social Neuroscience' by Jamie Ward. It covers the chapters 5-7 for the second intermediate exam at Tilburg University.
• Conspecifics: Other members of the same species
• Face recognition unit: A hypothetical entity in models of face processing that responds to
the face of a particular individual
• Person identity node: A hypothetical entity in models of face processing that links together
semantic and perceptual information about a particular individual
• Prosopagnosia: Impairments of face processing that do not reflect difficulties in early visual
analysis
• Ventral visual stream: Runs from the occipital to the temporal lobes and is concerned with
identifying objects
• Dorsal visual stream: Runs from the occipital to the parietal lobes and is concerned with
locating and acting on objects
• Occipital face area (OFA): A region in the occipital cortex that responds to faces more than
objects but does not process facial identity
• Fusiform face area (FFA): A region in the fusiform cortex that responds to faces more than
objects and is responsive to facial identity
• Display rules: The extent to which one regulates emotional expressions in the presence of
others
• Simulation theory: The theory that we come to understand others (their emotions, actions,
mental states) by vicariously producing their current state in ourselves
• Capgras syndrome: The delusion that acquaintances (spouse, family, friends, etc.) have been
replaced by ‘body doubles’
• Mirror self-recognition: The ability to recognize one’s self in the mirror
• Extrastriate body area (EBA): An area in visual cortex that responds more to whole bodies
and body parts than faces and objects
• Fusiform body area (FBA): A region of inferior temporal cortex that responds relatively more
to whole bodies than body parts
• Biological motion: The ability to detect the presence of human (or animal) bodies from
motion cues alone
• V5 (or MT): A cortical region responsible for visual movement detection
• Joint attention: The process by which attention is oriented to a particular object/location in
response to another person’s attention
• Gaze cuing: The direction of eye gaze automatically orients participants to the looked-at
location.
• Proto-imperative pointing: Pointing that implies wanting (e.g. meaning ‘give me that!’)
• Proto-declarative pointing: Pointing that elicits joint attention for its own sake (e.g. meaning
‘look at that!’)
• Traits: Long-term dispositions to behave or think in a particular way
• Personality: A collection of traits
• Halo effect: A person who is rated positively in one dimension tends to be rated positively in
other dimensions.
• Big five: A collection of five personality traits that accounts for the most significant individual
differences (openness to experience; conscientiousness; extraversion; agreeableness;
neuroticism)
• Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR): This measures the width relative to height of the
internal features of the face. A higher fWHR in males is linked to more dominant behavior.
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