1. 1. Question
Marco approached Nurse Trisha asking for advice on how to deal with
his alcohol addiction. Nurse Trisha should tell the client that the only
effective treatment for alcoholism is:
o A. Psychotherapy
o B. Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.)
o C. Total abstinence
o D. Aversion Therapy
Incorrect
Correct Answer: C. Total abstinence
Total abstinence is the only effective treatment for alcoholism. Offering
counseling on moderation may help convince some problem drinkers
to seek help before they suffer painful consequences. Research into
moderate or “controlled” drinking has shown that this strategy can be
successful for patients who have not yet developed a pervasive pattern
of alcohol abuse, or who have experienced few negative consequences
from drinking. It also helps to be young, female, employed, in a stable
social situation, and confident about moderating intake. The goal is to
help patients set goals and drinking limits before they cross the line
into dependence.
Option A: Psychotherapy is a general term for treating mental
health problems by talking with a psychiatrist, psychologist, or
other mental health providers. During psychotherapy, the client
learns about their condition and their moods, feelings, thoughts,
and behaviors. Psychotherapy helps the client learn how to take
control of their life and respond to challenging situations with
healthy coping skills. There are many types of psychotherapy,
each with its own approach. The type of psychotherapy that’s
right for each client depends on their individual situation.
Psychotherapy is also known as talk therapy, counseling,
psychosocial therapy or, simply, therapy.
Option B: Alcoholics Anonymous is an international fellowship of
men and women who have had a drinking problem. It is
nonprofessional, self-supporting, multiracial, apolitical, and
available almost everywhere. There are no age or education
, requirements. Membership is open to anyone who wants to do
something about their drinking problem.
Option D: Aversion therapy is a type of behavioral therapy that
involves repeated pairing of unwanted behavior with discomfort.
For example, a person undergoing aversion therapy to stop
smoking might receive an electrical shock every time they view
an image of a cigarette. The goal of the conditioning process is to
make the individual associate the stimulus with unpleasant or
uncomfortable sensations.
2. 2. Question
Nurse Hazel is caring for a male client who experiences false sensory
perceptions with no basis in reality. This perception is known as:
A. Hallucinations
B. Delusions
C. Loose associations
D. Neologisms
Incorrect
Correct Answer: A. Hallucinations
Hallucinations are visual, auditory, gustatory, tactile or olfactory
perceptions that have no basis in reality. The word “hallucination”
comes from Latin and means “to wander mentally.” Hallucinations are
defined as the “perception of a nonexistent object or event” and
“sensory experiences that are not caused by stimulation of the
relevant sensory organs.” Hallucinations occur frequently in people
with psychiatric conditions, including schizophrenia and bipolar
disorder, however, you don’t necessarily need to have a mental illness
to experience hallucinations.
Option B: Delusions are defined as fixed, false beliefs that
conflict with reality. Despite contrary evidence, a person in a
delusional state can’t let go of their convictions. Delusions are
often reinforced by the misinterpretation of events. Many
delusions also involve some level of paranoia. For example,
someone might contend that the government is controlling our
every move via radio waves despite evidence to the contrary.
, Option C: A thought disturbance demonstrated by speech that is
disconnected and fragmented, with the individual jumping from
one idea to another unrelated or indirectly related idea. It is
essentially equivalent to derailment.
Option D: In psychiatry, the term is used to describe the
creation of words which only have meaning to the person who
uses them. It is considered normal in children, but a symptom of
thought disorder indicative of a psychotic mental illness such as
schizophrenia in adults. Usage of neologisms may also be related
to aphasia acquired after brain damage resulting from a stroke or
head injury.
3. 3. Question
Nurse Monet is caring for a female client who has suicidal tendencies.
When accompanying the client to the restroom, Nurse Monet should…
A. Give her privacy.
B. Allow her to urinate.
C. Open the window and allow her to get some fresh air.
D. Observe her.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: D. Observe her.
The nurse has a responsibility to continuously observe the acutely
suicidal client. The nurse should watch for clues, such as
communicating suicidal thoughts, and messages; hoarding
medications and talking about death. First and foremost, the patient’s
safety must be assured; this is the intervention. Intervention is based
on the application of risk factors coupled with a clinical inquiry.
Option A: The individual must not be left alone. In the ED, such a
recommendation is handled easily by hospital security personnel.
In other settings, summon assistance quickly. In an isolated
place, call 911. Involve family or friends; they can remain with
the patient while treatment arrangements are made.
Option B: The suicidal patient should be treated initially in a
secure, safe, and highly supervised place. Inpatient care at a
hospital offers one of the best settings. Most managed care
, companies recognize the medical necessity of hospitalization in
situations in which the suicide danger is acute.
Option C: Remove anything that the patient may use to hurt or
kill him or herself. Remove sharp or potentially dangerous
objects. Ask the patient for any weapon, such as knives or pills,
and secure them away from the patient. A study of the
association between the provision of mental health services and
suicide rates found that removing ligature points (places where
things like ropes could be attached to) was associated with
significant reductions in the overall psychiatric inpatient suicide
rate and in the rate of inpatient suicide by hanging.
4. 4. Question
Nurse Maureen is developing a plan of care for a female client with
anorexia nervosa. Which action should the nurse include in the plan?
A. Provide privacy during meals.
B. Set-up a strict eating plan for the client.
C. Encourage the client to exercise to reduce anxiety.
D. Restrict visits with the family.
Incorrect
Correct Answer: B. Set-up a strict eating plan for the client
Establishing a consistent eating plan and monitoring the client’s weight
are important to this disorder. Supervise the patient during mealtimes
and for a specified period after meals (usually one hour). To ensure
compliance with the dietary treatment program. For a hospitalized
patient with anorexia, food is considered a medication. Maintain a
regular weighing schedule, such as Monday and Friday before
breakfast in the same attire, and graph results. Provides an accurate
ongoing record of weight loss or gain. Also diminishes obsessing about
changes in weight.
Option A: Use a consistent approach. Sit with the patient while
eating; present and remove food without persuasion and
comment. Promote a pleasant environment and record intake.
Patient detects urgency and may react to pressure. Any comment
that might be seen as coercion provides focus on food. When
staff responds in a consistent manner, the patient can begin to
