TEST BANK FOR PORTH’S ESSENTIALS OF PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 5TH EDITION BY TOMMIE L NORRIS (GRADED A+)
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions
focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following
comments made by nurses during a dis...
GRADED A+
Test Bank - Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology (5th Edition by Norris) 1
Table of Contents
Table of Contents 1
Chapter 01: Concepts of Health and Disease 3
Chapter 02: Cell and Tissue Characteristics 12
Chapter 03: Cellular Adaptation, Injury, and Death 21
Chapter 04: Genetic Control of Cell Function and Inheritance 29
Chapter 05: Genetic and Congenital Disorders 37
Chapter 06: Neoplasia 46
Chapter 07: Stress and Adaptation 54
Chapter 08: Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte, and Acid Base Balance
62
Chapter 09: Inflammation, Tissue Repair, and Wound Healing 78
Chapter 10: Mechanisms of Infectious Disease 94
Chapter 11: Innate and Adaptive Immunity 103
Chapter 12: Disorders of the Immune Response, Including HIV/AIDS
111
Chapter 13: Organization and Control of Neural Function 128
Chapter 14: Somatosensory Function, Pain, Headache, and Temperature
Regulation 137
Chapter 15: Disorders of Motor Function 146
Chapter 16: Disorders of Brain Function 155
Chapter 17: Sleep and Sleep-Wake Disorders 164
Chapter 18: Disorders of Thought, Emotion, and Memory 173
Chapter 19: Disorders of Visual Function 182
Chapter 20: Disorders of Hearing and Vestibular Function 191
Chapter 21: Blood Cells and the Hematopoietic System 200
Chapter 22: Disorders of Hemostasis 208
Chapter 23: Disorders of Red Blood Cells 216
Chapter 24: Disorders of White Blood Cells and Lymphoid Tissues 225
Chapter 25: Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System 234
Chapter 26: Disorders of Blood Flow and Blood Pressure Regulation
243
Chapter 27: Disorders of Cardiac Function, and Heart Failure and
Circulatory Shock 260
Chapter 28: Disorders of Cardiac Conduction and Rhythm 278
Chapter 29: Structure and Function of the Respiratory System 288
Chapter 30: Respiratory Tract Infections, Neoplasms, and Childhood
Disorders 296
Chapter 31: Disorders of Ventilation and Gas Exchange 312
Chapter 32: Structure and Function of the Kidney 320
,Test Bank - Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology (5th Edition by Norris) 2
Chapter 33: Disorders of Renal Function 328
Chapter 34: Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Kidney Disease 337
Chapter 35: Disorders of the Bladder and Lower Urinary Tract 346
Chapter 36: Structure and Function of the Gastrointestinal System 355
Chapter 37: Disorders of Gastrointestinal Function 364
Chapter 38: Disorders of Hepatobiliary and Exocrine Pancreas Function
374
Chapter 39: Alterations in Nutritional Status 384
Chapter 40: Mechanisms of Endocrine Control 393
Chapter 41: Disorders of Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism
401
Chapter 42: Structure and Function of the Male Genitourinary System
410
Chapter 43: Disorders of the Male Reproductive System 418
Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Female Reproductive System
427
Chapter 45: Disorders of the Female Reproductive System 436
Chapter 46: Sexually Transmitted Infections 445
Chapter 47: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System 454
Chapter 48: Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Trauma, Infection,
Neoplasms 462
Chapter 49: Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Developmental and
Metabolism Disorders 471
Chapter 50: Disorders of Musculoskeletal Function: Rheumatic Disorders
479
Chapter 51: Structure and Function of the Skin 488
Chapter 52: Disorders of Skin Integrity and Function 497
,Test Bank - Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology (5th Edition by Norris) 3
Chapter 01: Concepts of Health and Disease
1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions
focused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the following
comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements would be
considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that apply.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as book
reviews and word games during social time
B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skilled care
facilities
C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with diabetes
mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-home cooking classes
D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodialysis
sessions
E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children
Ans: A, B, C, E
Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as “a state of complete physical, mental, and
social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.” Engaging in
book reviews facilitates mental and social well-being; chair aerobics helps facilitate
physical well-being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating
physical well-being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is
vital in the prevention of disease and spread of germs.
2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the large
variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. The nurse is
referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following aspects discussed, which
would be considered a determinant of health that is outside the focus of this report?
A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native American
descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress.
B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to
hypercholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime.
C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to many
health care facilities.
Ans: B
Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as using
alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and
, Test Bank - Porth's Essentials of Pathophysiology (5th Edition by Norris) 4
promoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good access
to health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high cholesterol
levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet the
“attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death” determinant.
3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a large,
university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the differentiation
between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that cause
disease. Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the consequences
of molecules that cause disease?
A) A 31-year-old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of
packed red blood cells
B) A 91-year-old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from
familial hypercholesterolemia
C) A 19-year-old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen
therapy and chest physiotherapy
D) A 30-year-old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and
is HIV positive.
Ans: D
Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease.
Sickle cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all examples
of the effects of abnormal molecules.
4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis of
a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of the
following aspects of clients' situations best characterizes pathogenesis rather than
etiology?
A) A client who has been exposed to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
Ans: B
Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as
the increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, and
traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has
arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a review of
the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement by the
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