MEJO 101 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS FULLY SOLVED 2023.

Journalism 2.0: Colonial Era Journalism Thomas Paine Party News Organs - political Journalism 2.0: Yellow Journalism Era Penny Newspaper Hearst & Pulitzer Journalism 2.0: Post World War II - non party but media mogul owned - impartial brokers - advertising based - appeal to largest audience - shaped US middle class - trusted & independent Journalism 2.0: Post WWII Journalism - professionalized - guardians of democracy - gatekeepers for american society Journalism 2.0 - what is it? - online/mobile - video - interactive - on demand (24/7) Journalism 2.0: Independent Journalism - objective - unbiased - impartial Fair broker Is Journalism 2.0 advocacy? NO - but opinion rules on Cable TV Talkback of Journalism 2.0 - High priests in temple of journalism - one-way communications - gatekeepers & serious responsibility Journalism 2.0: Barbarians at the Gate of the Journalistic Temple - journalists who took pride in filtering information are now undermined by "amateurs" - (bloggers, tweets, YouTube) - IN this new world, news gathering and distribution could be decentralized and is now more democratic Journalism 2.0: The task of a Journalist/sense-maker is to verify what information is reliable and then order it so people can grasp it efficiently Main Actors in Journalism 2.0 - Mainstream media - bloggers/social media - start ups & legacy Journalism 2.0: Reasons for Optimism We have content providers, not just media moguls - Citizen journalists - activists - PR & Advertising companies - non-profit advocates - government agencies: white house & politicians Journalism 2.0: The Dark Side - Manipulation is real - Russian trolls; propoganda masquerading as news - Technology developments - Foreign Power Social Media TakeDowns - Deep Fakes - Video & Audio Manipulation Journalism 2.0 Fundamental Shift in Power The power is shifting to social media, everybody uses Facebook, Snapchat, and Instagram Journalism 2.0: Anchors are... the voice of god lol. Very Respected. The UNC School of Media and Journalism's tagline, Start Here / Never Stop, captures the idea that what students learn and experience at the school prepares them for successful careers and transitions in a dynamic media environment. Richard Griffiths misreported a story where he said this guy said instead of backside.... ass lol Richard Griffiths: the cynical take: Citizens are ignoring journalists and only paying attention to fake online news, such as false facebook memes, and conspiracies/ficiton presented as news Richard Griffiths: the situation in Poland The authoritarian government was voting on the budget unfairly without any dissenters there so as to get it through, but the news managed to spread this information, and the people of Poland came out to participate in a gathering in front of the Parliament Richard Griffiths: Empowering media attacks Donald Trump keeps calling news fake! Polands psycho ass leader agreed with him ofc Richard Griffiths: Using the courts (poland example) • Gazeta Wyborcza breaks story on a complex business deal to build skyscrapers in central Warsaw to financially benefit the PiS in violation of law. • PiS chair Jarosław Kaczyński did not claim that the reporting was inaccurate. • Criminal prosecution warranted under Polish penal code that prohibits reporting that causes "humiliation" and "loss of trust." Richard Griffiths: Attacking the Courts: Deputy Justice Minister Łukasz Piebiak • "Arranged and controlled" troll campaign against judges. • Particular focus on "inconvenient" judges not supportive of the PiS government. • Resigned within 24 hours. Richard Griffiths: Ethics in Journalism Act N/A Richard Griffiths: Political Divide on "Freedom of Speech is one of the Values that makes America great" there is none - everyone pretty much agrees that Richard Griffiths: Political Divide on "The Media are the enemy of the American people" 48% of GOP thinks that, only 12% of Dems, 26% of independent - big political divide Richard Griffiths: Five ways for Restoring Trust for News Organizations Editorial Standards - make values clear - make difference between reporting, analysis, and opinion clear - offer news in the public interest Transparency - Be aggressively transparent about the editorial process - how do we make the decisions we make? - acknowledge the mistakes to avoid repeating them Embrace Technology - many newsroom have been slow to embrace tech change - need to lead in new ways of delivering news products to increase access Get out More - Journalists spend too much time in big cities! Need to get out to rural areas Fact Check - vigorously call out falsehoods, whether from the government, a guest on your channel, a competitor, or a social media hoax Andy Bechtel: What is news? - Newly received information: "what's the latest news?" - A report of such information: "I heard on the news that ..." Andy Bechtel: News Values (8) - Timeliness - Impact - Prominence - Proximity - Conflict - Oddity - Currency - Magnitude Andy Bechtel: Other factors that affect news values (5) - News cycle - Competition - Story mix - Audience - Algorithms + analytics Andy Bechtel: 3 types of news judgement - In print (newspapers) - In broadcast (ABC 11, CNN, Fox) - On the go (news alerts on phone, the Skimm) Prof. Ryan Thornburg: Why Journalism? 1. It's fun 2. It's important 3. It's a solid career move Prof. Ryan Thornburg: What is journalism? - not a job description, but a way of thinking about the world Prof. Ryan Thornburg: Thinking like a journalist (six principles) 1. Brevity 2. Precision 3. Verification 4. Curiosity 5. Empathy 6. Creativity Deb Aikat: What is the average confidence rating for all media institutions? Average percentage of Americans who have "a great deal" or "quite a lot" of confidence has dropped overall - however, it is projected to rise 2019 and 2020 Deb Aikat: in 1976, Americans' media trust hit its highest point. Why? Because June 17, 1972, the Watergate scandal occurred - the following good coverage up to nixons resignation caused people to trust the media more (all the presidents men, etc) Deb Aikat: Who is America's most powerful media dynasty? Ochses and Sulzbergers - they have a dynastic control of the New York times - a legacy of public responsibility has driven the family to serve as devoted stewards of a trust they hold sacred Deb Aikat: WSJ Op-ed by Walter Hussman summary Impartiality is the source of a newspaper's credibility This means honestly reporting, editing, and delivering the news without opinion or bias - seperate and clearly label news and opinion Need to be transparent and publicly state core values Deb Aikat: Hussman's Belief I believe that by adopting these core values, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's journalism school can be the leader and serve as an example for other journalism schools in America to follow. This is a key reason why we enthusiastically support the school and the University. This is a first, but important step, in renewing the public's trust in our profession and the news media. Deb Akait: Chattanooga times free press does what? displays a statement of core values on page 2A each day Deb Aikait: Adolp S. Ochs Adolph Ochs was an American newspaper publisher and former owner of The New York Times and The Chattanooga Times (now the Chattanooga Times Free Press). - pioneered the statement of core values thing, "to give the news impartially, without fear or favor"