CLAS 220- module 1 questions with complete solutions fall 2023

CLAS 220- module 1 questions with complete solutions fall 2023 chaos (the chasm) - From _____ was born the earth or gaea (home), eros (passion/love/desire), and tartarus (time) nyx - Goddess of night born of chaos erebos - absolute darkness, born of chaos, brother of nyx Aether and hemera - Gods of light, Aether- the light of the heavens, Hemera- light of the day children of erebos+nyx oceanus - the great river imagined as encircling the earth Ouranos - Sky god, son of Gaia who mated with her and fathered the Titans Ourea and Pontus - The first two "children" born to Mother Earth -the mountians and vast sea respectively titans (12) - Children of Gaea and Uranus Goddess: Theia, Rhea, Themis, Mnemosyne, phoebe, tethys Gods: Okeanus, Koios, Kreios, hyperion, iapetus, and kronos cyclopes (circle eyes) - forgers of zeus' thunder bolt, offspring of gaea and uranus -thunderer, lightner, and whitebolt Hesperides - singing maidens who lives in a garden beyond the sunset. keepers of golden apples nereus - a sea god, old mand of the sea iris - the gods' messenger associated with the rainbowe harpies - goddesses of the storm-winds who snatch away people never to be seen again Poseidon - god of sable locks, shaker of the earth adamant - a metal of great hardness used by the gods Hecatoncheires - 100 handed creatures with 50 heads; children of Gaea and Uranus -hurled into tartarus Erinyes (Furies) - goddesses seeking vengeance, referred to as infernal goddesses "those who walk in darkness" to punish sinners Gigantes - giants born of ouranus' blood recieved by gaea, clad in full armour bearing spears -god nor men fought agn gods and were defeated meliads - or meliai, minor goddesses In charge of ash trees Aphrodite - goddess of love and beauty; born from sea foam (ouranus seman and gaea); married to Hephaestus muses of helicon - hesiod locates the goddesses of song on his local mountain in southern boeotia, many poets later follow him graces - Three sisters who represent the favor of the gods and beauty, love festivity; daughters of Zeus and Euronyme -association w/ muses estampie - A medieval dance that is one of the earliest surviving forms of instrumental music myth - -hard to define, distungushed from fairy tales, folk tales and sagas -typically concerned with gods, supernatural -inexplicably tied ot religion role of geography in development of greece - -small area -small plains, high mountains and the sea -ioslation of communities -firece devotion ot indp (city states) bronze age greece ( bc) - minoan and myceanan civilizations Minoan Civilization - An advanced civilization that developed on the island of Crete around 2000 B.C.E. palace culture - When the palace is both the political and economic center linear A - An undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century B.C., Minoa's first written language; has not been translated. knossos - an ancient minoan palace center on Crete where Bronze Age culture flourished from about 2000 BC to 1400 BC Minoan Column - originally of wood, painted red, with a plain shaft (without fluting) and topped by a simple rounded capital or echinus. Its most distinctive feature is that it tapers in reverse to the custom of the Egyptians, Greeks, and Romans with a narrow base widening towards the top. Mycenaean Civilization - (c. BCE) the first advanced civilization in mainland Greece; contact with minoans, the end of the Civilization marked the beginning of the "Dark Ages" for Greece burn level - archelogical lay