IHUM Chapter 40 Postmodernism 2023/2024 questions fully solved

IHUM Chapter 40 PostmodernismDefine what characterizes postmodern architecture. - correct answer adapting diverse aesthetics which gives emphasis on unique forms Whimsical celebrations of shapes Eclectic styles, incorporating many different styles into one building (anything but pure) Contradictory elements of design Opposite of "International Style" and Modernism Discuss the nature and significance of postmodernism and how it reflects pluralism. - correct answer Postmodernism claims that meaning resides not within a work but in its audience, together with the understanding that the audience itself is diverse and various Gives rise to belief that meaning is PLURAL in nature. Living in this "difficult whole" is what characterizes the postmodern. Meaning becomes contingent and open-ended. Challenges the "undivided attention of audience (sensory overload) Describe how pluralism and diversity are reflected in art and literature. - correct answer Explores relationship between abstraction and representation (through Richter's work), we have a more diverse and various views Pluralism in literature exhibits itself in a multiplicity of meanings, the postmodern hero seeks meaning but accepts the fact that search for meaning is neverending No common focus or center idea around which to organize elements of literature This possibility of "thinking" is the goal of postmodern lit. Postmodernism produces texts that willingly place themselves in an open field of interpretation and uncertainty (the reader can interpret a text differently at different stages of life, situations, and moods) Postmodern fiction defeats readers expectations for coherence and extends uncertainty and ambiguity. requires readers who can adjust to situations and eliminates distance between author and work. (Description of "Invisible Cities") Postmodern novels do away with typical novel structure , fragmenting the plot and patterns of conflict and resolution. Leading to many meanings, and perspectives. Postmodern world consists of multiple centers of thought, each existing simultaneously and independently of each other Up until this point in western humanities we have talked about a history of shifting geographical centers with each one with a common cultural focus of thought... POSTMODERNISM REJECTS THIS postmodern architecture - correct answer a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style advocated by Le Corbusier Las Vegas Strip style [iconic example], Adobe building by point of mountain green architecture - correct answer modern architecture adaptable to climate and culture in which buildings are built (environmentally sensitive). Meant to preserve environments and transmit cultures. multiplicity/pluralism - correct answer there is no one meaning to a work, rather a plurality of meanings. Postmodern theory: overtook art in this time and claimed that meaning was not found in work itself, but in its audience. hybrid - correct answer person or art/concept that is bilingual or multicultural in nature "difficult whole" - correct answer describes the postmodern condition, contradictory design elements, set to establish open-ended architecture with eclectic styles, with multiple meanings, and openness to interpretation. Vitality and validity, but not homogenous unity. residence, Santa Monica, California - correct answer Frank Gehry, (1997-98) Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao - correct answer Frank Gehry, (1997) Design for Port Authority Trans Hudson (PATH) station, World Trade Center Site - correct answer Santiago Calatrava, (2004) Jean-Marie Tjibaou Cultural Center in Nouméa, New Caledonia - correct answer Renzo Piano, (1991-98)