Test Bank For
Psychological Science Seventh Edition
by Elizabeth A. Phelps , Elliot Berkman , Michael Gazzaniga
| Verified Chapter's 1 - 15 | Complete
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1: The Science of Psychology……………………………………………..03
Chapter 2: Research Methodology……………………………………………………50
Chapter 3: Biology and Behavior…………………………………………………….103
Chapter 4: Consciousness………………………………………………………………159
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception………………………………………………..204
Chapter 6: Learning………………………………………………………………………..262
Chapter 7: Memory…………………………………………………………………………309
Chapter 8: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence………………………………354
Chapter 9: Human Development……………………………………………………..400
Chapter 10: Emotion and Motivation………………………………………………..466
Chapter 11: Health and Well-Being…………………………………………………..518
Chapter 12: Social Psychology…………………………………………………………568
Chapter 13: Personality……………………………………………………………………630
Chapter 14: Psychological Disorders………………………………………………..683
Chapter 15: Treatment of Psychological Disorders…………………………….739
,CHAPTER 01: The Science of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is the best definition of psychological science?
A. the study of the brain and its func-
tion
B. the study of the mind, the brain,
and thought processes
C. the study of the mind, the brain,
and behavior
D. the study of the mind, the psyche,
and behavior
ANS: C DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Remembering
2. Psychological science is the study of:
A. the mind. C. behavior.
B. the brain. D. all of the above.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Remembering
3. Trying to understand the relationship between the actions of neurons and a
thought is an example of the connection between:
A. the brain and the C. genes and the
mind. mind.
B. nature and nur- D. the brain and
ture. emotion.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Applying
4. Based on your textbook‘s definition of psychology, which statement best re-
flects the relationship between the mind and the brain?
A. The brain is the same thing as the
mind.
, B. The brain influences the mind.
C. The brain is unrelated to the mind.
D. The brain reflects the mind.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Applying
5. Barry and Candace are disagreeing. Barry states that psychology is the study
of the mind. Candace believes that psychology is the science of behavior.
Given your knowledge of psychology, how would you resolve this argument?
A. Barry is correct. Psychology only
studies the mind.
B. Candace is correct. Psychology only
studies behavior.
C. Both are correct. Psychology studies
both the mind and behavior.
D. Both are incorrect. Psychology only
studies emotions.
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Understanding
6. Allanah is a psychology major. Which of the following best describes what Al-
lanah will learn about?
A. the structure and function of the
brain
B. mental disorders and their treat-
ments
C. feelings and other subjective states
D. the mind, the brain, and behavior
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Understanding
7. For much of its history, psychologists focused mostly on:
A. the brain. C. behaviors.
B. disorders. D. the mind.
ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology
MSC: Remembering
, 8. Which of the following is an example of a psychologist who is studying the
mind?
A. Dr. Chu, who studies how weather
influences children‘s actions on the
playground
B. Dr. Well, who studies neural activity
during sleep cycles of elderly adults
C. Dr. Mann, who studies the accuracy
of traumatic memories over time
D. Dr. East, who studies the facial ex-
pressions of relationship partners
during a fight
ANS: C DIF: Difficult REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 5, Professional
Development
MSC: Applying
9. Which of the following is an example of a psychologist who is studying the
brain?
A. Dr. Fields, who studies the purchas-
ing habits of impulsive individuals
B. Dr. Joe, who studies how neural ac-
tivity changes as newborn babies
develop
C. Dr. Perez, who studies how our feel-
ings can influence our thought pro-
cesses
D. Dr. Ladd, who studies the training
activities of professional athletes
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 5, Professional
Development
MSC: Applying
10. Which of the following is an example of a psychologist who is studying behav-
ior?
A. Dr. Wick, who studies how certain
smells can trigger certain feelings
B. Dr. Woods, who studies patterns of
neural activity related to drug use
C. Dr. Paul, who studies the thought
, processes involved in decision mak-
ing
D. Dr. Hull, who studies the facial ex-
pressions of relationship partners
during a fight
ANS: D DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 What Is Psychological Science?
OBJ: 1.1A
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 5, Professional
Development
MSC: Applying
11. According to your text, amiable skepticism is an important element in a type
of reasoning called:
A. scholarly inquiry. C. analytic argu-
mentation.
B. nay-sayerism. D. critical thinking.
ANS: D DIF: Easy
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Remembering
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good consumer of scientific re-
search?
A. open to new C. wary of scientific
ideas findings
B. carefully consid- D. all of the above
ers the facts
ANS: D DIF: Easy
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Remembering
13. Critical thinking is best defined as thinking that:
A. is systematic and reasonable.
B. is open-minded and creative.
C. criticizes others‘ opinions.
D. uses inferences but does not solve
problems.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Remembering
,14. Which of the following is an example of using critical thinking and scientific
reasoning?
A. believing that sugar causes ADHD
because you feel hyper after eating
a candy bar
B. concluding that listening to Mozart
improves learning in children after
reading an article about this topic in
a popular magazine
C. using a personal example to show
how a psychological principle must
be wrong
D. conducting research to investigate
the effectiveness of left brain/right
brain games in improving memory
ANS: D DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Applying
15. Why is critical thinking important in evaluating psychological research?
A. Researchers deliberately lie about
their research findings.
B. There might be significant limita-
tions to the research findings.
C. Research findings are rarely influ-
enced by political and personal
agendas.
D. There is always a single clear expla-
nation and the researchers may not
have found it.
ANS: B DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Applying
16. Which of the following is an important goal of your psychology textbook?
A. to teach you how to be a therapist
by using methods of psychology
B. to provide you with an education
about the methods of psychological
science
C. to help you define normal versus ab-
, normal behavior so you can recog-
nize mental illness
D. to help you predict how people will
interact in novel situations
ANS: B DIF: Easy
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology MSC: Remembering
17. The difference between using critical thinking explanations and everyday ex-
planations for psychological phenomena is that:
A. critical thinking relies on evidence
and scientific support for making
conclusions.
B. everyday explanations rely on evi-
dence and scientific support for
making conclusions.
C. critical thinking relies on personal
examples more than scientific evi-
dence for making conclusions.
D. everyday explanations rely on per-
sonal examples and scientific evi-
dence for making conclusions.
ANS: A DIF: Easy
REF: 1.1 Psychological Science Teaches Critical Thinking OBJ: 1.1B
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Remembering
18. Taj is writing a paper on global warming. He only includes research findings
that support his own beliefs about global warming because he thinks that all
the contradictory findings must be the result of flawed research. This is an ex-
ample of:
A. misunderstanding or not using sta-
tistics.
B. hindsight bias.
C. a failure to accurately judge source
credibility.
D. the confirmation bias.
ANS: D DIF: Difficult
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Applying
,19. You are asked to write a newspaper article on a controversial political topic
and you want to make sure you are not influenced by the confirmation bias.
Which of the following should you do in order to avoid the confirmation bias?
A. focus mainly on evidence that you
find on your favorite news website
B. place equal importance on evidence
that supports and contradicts your
own beliefs
C. focus mainly on evidence that sup-
ports your own beliefs, since it is the
most accurate research
D. place equal importance on evidence
you find online and in textbooks
ANS: B DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Applying
20. Which of the following is one factor that contributes to the confirmation bias?
A. selective emotionality, which is the
tendency to better remember infor-
mation that is negative
B. selective emotionality, which is the
tendency to better remember infor-
mation that is positive
C. selective memory, which is the ten-
dency to better remember informa-
tion that supports our existing be-
liefs
D. selective memory, which is the ten-
dency to better remember informa-
tion that goes against our existing
beliefs
ANS: C DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Understanding
21. A drug company wants to create an advertisement for a new antidepressant
drug. Using your knowledge of source credibility, which of the following ad-
vertisements would be most persuasive?
A. an ad that features a celebrity on
, the set of his or her new pirate
movie
B. an ad that features an actor portray-
ing a doctor
C. an ad that features the CEO of the
drug company
D. an ad that features a famous person
who has struggled with depression
ANS: B DIF: Difficult
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Applying
22. A drug company is creating a commercial for a new heart medication. Since
the evidence for this drug is weak, they focus on the expertise of the drug
company instead of the research findings. This strategy is known as:
A. taking mental C. appeals to au-
shortcuts. thority.
B. the hindsight D. the confirmation
bias. bias.
ANS: C DIF: Easy
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Understanding
23. Which of the following is NOT a reason why errors and biases occur in our
thinking processes?
A. People are motivated to use their in-
telligence.
B. People want to make sense of
events that happen around them.
C. The human brain is highly efficient
at finding patterns between things.
D. The human brain is highly efficient
at processing multiple streams of in-
formation.
ANS: D DIF: Moderate
REF: 1.1 Psychological Reasoning Examines How People Typically Think
OBJ: 1.1C
NAT: APA Goal 1, Knowledge Base in Psychology | APA Goal 2, Scientific In-
quiry and Critical Thinking MSC: Remembering
