MIP 315 exam 1 question well answered graded A+ 2023/2024

MIP 315 exam 1 which of the following do heart disease and stoke have in common? a. they are both chronic (or endogenous) diseases b they are among the leading causes of death world wide c. they are both ultimately due to atherosclerosis d. they are among the leading cause of death in the developed world e. all of the above are common to strokes and heart disease - correct answer E all of the above are common to strokes and heart disease. Bacterial infection is a normal and essential part of human and non human animal development? true or false - correct answer true Bacterial Endotoxins may cause disease by a. altering normal functions at neuromuscular junctions b. activation of macrophages that release TNF c. interfering with specific host cell functions d. growth on host cells and digestion of host tissues e. any of the above - correct answer B. activation of macrophages that release TNF As it grows the bacterium clostidium tetanii grows it produces a toxin that causes disease in humans by binding to specific receptor molecules on the presynaptic terminals at neuromuscular junctions and altering host cell function. This is an example of a. a mycotoxin b. mutualism c. a bacterial endotoxin d. a bacterial enterotoxin e. non of the above - correct answer E non of the above Salmonellosis in humans is a. transmitted by fecal oral route b. among the leading cause of childhood deaths in the underdeveloped world c. affects the lymphoid follicles and cAMP metabolism d. common in the US e. all of the above are true of salmonellosis. - correct answer E. all of the above are true of salmonellosis IN general there are many fewer effective anti viral antibiotics then there are anti bacterial antibiotics. This is because a. bacteria are obligate intracellular parasites b. viruses use host cells organelles for DNA replication and protein synthesis c. viruses are so much like human cells that most antiviral agents also destroy human cells d. bacteria are generally more fragile organisms than are viruses. e. all of the above. - correct answer B. viruses use host cells organelles for DNA replication and protein synthesis. viral tropisms (preferences for specific tissues) reflect a. the random nature of viral adsorption to host cells. b. the specific character of viral uncoating and replication inside of host cells. c. the differences between enveloped and no enveloped viruses d. the fact that viral attachment to host cells involves specific host cell receptors. e. all of the above - correct answer D. the fact that viral attachment to host cells involves specific host cell receptors Most people who die from influenza A infections die from pneumonia. This pneumonia a. may be viral pneumonia b. may be bacterial pneumonia c. results form infection of the lower respitory tract d. results from inflammation of the lower respitroy tract e. all of the above are true of pneumonias that result from influenza a infections. - correct answer E. all of the above are true of pneumonias that result form influenza A infections. Based on what you know about the influenza A virus and its history, is it scientifically sound to assume that another influenza pandemic is probable? - correct answer YES Prion caused diseases share which of the following traits a. they are all transmitted by ingestion of CNS tissue b. they easily move between species c. they result in loss of neurons and spongiform appearance of the brain e. they are treatable with antibiotics - correct answer c. they result in the loss of neurons and spongiform appearance of the brain Prions cause disease by a. destruction of host cell DNA b. conversion of host cell molecules into a pathogenic form of the molecules c. use of host cell organelles for prion replication d. conversion of host neurons into infectious agents e. conversion of host cell membranes into a form more susceptible to infection - correct answer B. conversion of host cell molecules into a pathogenic form of the molecule Funguses cause disease by a. alteration of host proteins b. replication in host cells c. production of endotoxins d. enzymatic digestion of host cells e. all of the above - correct answer d. enzymatic digestion of host cells Ergot alkaloids are example of mycotoxins, toxins produced by fungi. These toxins cause disease a. by inapprpoiate activation of t cells