BPK 241 Final Exam Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution

BPK 241 Final Exam Actual Questions and Answers with complete solution How many vertebrae are there? Location and # - Answer ️️ -Cervical-7 Thoratic-12 Lumbar-5 Sacral-5 Coccyx Label one spinal bone - Answer ️️ -Transverse process spinous process Facet jints Lamina Neral arch Vertabrea body Ligaments - Answer ️️ -Anterior and posterior longitudinal lig Ligamenta Flava Interspinous Lig Supraspinous lig Erector Spinea - Answer ️️ -Function flexion extension Lateral flexion Rotation Transverseospinalis muscle - Answer ️️ -stabilizer muscles Back injuries - Answer ️️ -causes; trauma, Congential predisposition, mechanical factor, Effects; Pain, tenderness, spasms, restricted ROM Neurologic SSx Radiating pain, scratch, weakness, numbness, absent Back strains and sprains - Answer ️️ -Common (twisting, lifting) Recurrence is common ssx Pain, tenderness, Resticted ROM, Increased warmth If any neurological ssx, assume fracture or dislocation ( go to hospital immediately) Treatment for strains and spains in the back - Answer ️️ -Rest supine 2 days max NSAID cold therapy heat therapy physiotherapy Intervertebral disc disease - Answer ️️ -Mechanisms; Strains or sprains herniation of nucleus pulpous Compression of nerve roots or spina cord Effects; instablility osteoarthritis SSx same as strain or sprains Tx Conservative if possible Surgical Management of back injuries - Answer ️️ -Key is balance -functional capacity -realistic goals Main stays - Time - Cold, Heat, NSAID, Braces -Physiotherapy, massage therapy - Change in job or sport Stinger or Burner - Answer ️️ -Stretches brachial