COP4600 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 | Verified

COP4600 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 | Verified. Hardware which does arithmetic and logical computations: ALU 4. Hardware which tracks state/status. Also controls other components: Control unit 5. Instruction cycle responsible for loading the instruction: Fetch 6. Instruction cycle responsible for finding the opcode/operands of the instruction and interpreting it: Decode 7. Instruction cycle responsible for carrying out the instruction: Execute 8. Protected instructions can only be executed in a ____________: Protected state 9. Legacy boot process: BIOS 10. What does BIOS stand for?: Binary Input Output System 11. The ________ bootstraps the boot sector: Bootloader 12. What does bootstrap mean?: Loading up the computer 13. Why are the bootsector and bootloader separate?: Bootsector is too small 14. Where is the BIOS init stored?: The motherboard 15. What boot process is usable on x86-64 (i386) standalone PCs?: BIOS 16. What boot process has standard for ARM chipset systems?: Neither 17. Which boot process has standardized NVRAM locations for system variables?: UEFI 18. Which boot process uses a dedicated bootloader partition?: BIOS 19. Which boot process is usable on x86-64 (x64) standalone PCs?: Both 20. Newer boot process: UEFI 21. Which boot process simplifies diskless systems?: UEFI 22. What are the functions of an OS?: Loading programs onto machine, controlling I/O devices, managing resources (memory, CPU), multi-tasking execution, data protection (permissions), and task interaction (pipes, networking) 23. Mode for directly manipulating hardware: Kernel mode 24. T/F: No device is directly accessed without the kernel: True 25. T/F: Only system libraries can invoke system calls: False 26. T/F: The system call invokes code written by system developers, while a procedure call invokes code written by an application programmer: False 27. A running program is in ______: Execution 28. When we run a program, we create a _________ for it: Process 29. Features of a process: Has some address space, associated with specific resources, computational element/object, and has one or more threads of execution 1 / 13 COP4600 Exam 1 Questions and Answers 2024/2025 30. When we make a _______, we add a stack frame to the call stack: Procedurecall 31. Which pointer points to the beginning of the stack frame?: Frame pointer 32. Which pointer points to the beginning of the call stack?: Stack pointer 33. A ___________ involves a switch into kernel mode for execution: System call 34. Invocation of a system call causes a what?: Kernel trap 35. What must be stored in a kernel trap?: Current address, registers, etc 36. What gets the address from the interrupt vector during a kernel trap?: OS dispatcher 37. Generation of pre-OS in which there was a control room in which a human operator ran programs (plugboards): Generation 0: The operator 38. When was Generation 0 of OS?: 1940s 39. When was Generation 1 of OS?: 1950s 40. Generation of OS in which a resident monitor was used to execute commontasks (basic job loading, config, etc) for the operator. Users would reserve time on the system. Precursor to modern concept of OS: Generation 1: resident monitor 41. Generation of OS in which job systems allowed many programs to be run in succession. A programmer would submit a job on punch cards. The punch cards would be read by a card reader onto magnetic tap. An operator would transfer prepared jobs to processing unit on input tape. Results would be written to output tape, which would be read and printed: Generation 2: Batch systems 42. Batch system in which the OS sets up the next job and removes the currentPrograms are run sequentially: Uniprogrammed batch systems 43. Fence in memory which defines end in user memory and beginning of OS memory: Fence register 44. Issues with uniprogrammed batch systems: Mainly I/O so idle CPU 45. Batch system in which when one job was running, the OS would set up andbegan to run next. They would take turns on the CPU. In this system, the CPU was on idle when all jobs were in system: Multiprogrammed batch systems 46. Formula for CPU utilization: 1 - p^n (p = fraction of time process is in I/O wait; n = # jobs) 47. When were batch systems prevalent?: 1950s/1960s 48. Gen of OS which had multiple users on the same system: Generation 3: Time sharing systems 49. Gen of OS which was uniprogrammed (ex DOS): Generation 4: Early PC OS 2 / 13 50. Gen of OS which logins, multitasking, etc. First one was Unix: Generation 5: Network OS 51. OS which sends off execution to a remote system and gets the results back: Distributed OS