Pharmacology NU 578 - Unit 1 &2 Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers).

Pharmacology NU 578 - Unit 1 &2 Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers). Full term - ANSWER 36-40 weeks gestation Ganglionic blocking agents - ANSWER Interrupt impulse transmission through ganglia of the autonomic nervous system. They do this by competing with Ach for binding to nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia. Generic name - ANSWER Assigned by US Adopted Names Council. -each drug has only ONE -aka nonproprietary name or US Adopted Name Glomerular filtration - ANSWER Moves drugs from the blood into the tubular urine within the glomerulus of the Bowman's capsule. Half life - ANSWER The time it takes for a drug to be 50% of its original concentration in the body. The time required for the amount of dug in the body to decrease by 50%. Hepatic metabolism - ANSWER Is low in newborns. Hepatic microsomal enzyme system - ANSWER a.k.a. P450 system which an enzyme system consisting of 12 closely enzyme families in the liver involved with metabolizing drugs. Cyochrome P450 is a key component of the system. These enzymes are capable of catalyzing a wide variety of reactions using drugs as substrate. Hepatotoxic drugs - ANSWER Drugs that cause injury to the liver. Patients taking these should have liver function tests to check liver enzymes: aspartate aminotransferase (AST, formerly known as SGOT) and alanine Pharmacology NU 578 - Unit 1 &2 Exam Questions and Answers (Verified Answers). aminotransferase (ALT, formerly known as SGPT). Iatrogenic disease - ANSWER A disease produced by drugs. Idiosyncratic effect - ANSWER An uncommon drug response resulting from a genetic predisposition. Inactivation - ANSWER Drug metabolism can convert pharmacologically active compounds to inactive forms. Induction - ANSWER The process of stimulating liver enzyme synthesis to increase the drug-metabolizing capacity of the liver. Infants - ANSWER weeks 5-52 Intramuscular administration - ANSWER Absorption pattern: rapidly or slowly depending on the water solubility of the drug and blood flow to the site Advantages to IM administration - ANSWER Administration of poorly soluble drugs, administration of depot preparations which absorb slowly. Barriers to IM administration - ANSWER capillary walls .