PCOL 355 Lecture 15 Test Questions with Correct Answers

PCOL 355 Lecture 15 Test Questions with Correct Answers What is cancer? - Answer-Uncontrolled cell growth in the body. What percentage of deaths did cancer account for in 2015? - Answer-Approximately 13%. What are the current treatments for cancer? - Answer-Surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. What is the key difference between a naked drug and nanomedicine? - Answer-Naked drugs have nonspecific distribution, while nanomedicine targets tumors based on enhanced permeability and retention (EPR). How does nanotherapy improve pharmacokinetics? - Answer-By targeting tumors based on EPR, nanotherapies have lower side effects and increased tumor accumulation. What are the three main types of nanocarriers? - Answer-Liposomes, lipid-core/shell nanoparticles, and polymeric micelles. What are liposomes? - Answer-Relatively stable, biodegradable phospholipids that can carry hydrophobic drugs in the bilayer or hydrophilic drugs in the empty core. What are lipid-core/shell nanoparticles? - Answer-Stable nanoparticles with an outer layer of biodegradable phospholipids and an inner core that holds inorganic drug crystals. They can carry hydrophobic drugs in the bilayer or hydrophilic drugs in the core. What are polymeric micelles? - Answer-Relatively unstable but convenient to prepare nanocarriers made of amphiphilic polymers that only hold hydrophobic drugs in the core. What challenges do approved cancer nanotherapies face? - Answer-Nanocarriers lack biological function, carrier components pose safety concerns, and current nanomedicines still have severe side effects and mediocre survival improvement. What is Polyethylene glycol (PEG)? - Answer-A hydrophilic compound used in drugs. Why is PEG widely used in drugs? - Answer-Due to its non-toxic, non-immunogenic, and non-antigenic properties.