Language & Literacy (305 Content Exam) with Complete Solutions

Language & Literacy (305 Content Exam) with Complete Solutions Oral language components syntax, phonological skills, morphological skills, pragmatics, vocabulary Syntax understanding word order and grammar rules Phonological skills awareness of sounds (ex- syllables and rhymes) Morphological skills understanding the meaning of word forms and parts Pragmatics social rule of communication Vocabulary meaning of words and phrases Assessment formative, summative, benchmark reading, progress monitoring, diagnostic reading test Formative informs instruction (for learning) Summative what you have learned (of learning) Benchmark reading usually given in the fall, winter, spring Progress monitoring weekly/biweekly screenings Diagnostic Reading test individual students specific areas of weakness, use the results to inform instruction, used after progress monitoring, pre-intervention step Reading levels independent, instructional, frustration Independent level 97-100% accuracy; fluent reading; 90-100% comprehension Instructional level 90-96% accuracy; somewhat fluent; 75-90% comprehension Frustration level < 90% accuracy; may/may not be fluent; comprehension low Phonological Awareness Awareness of the words, syllables, rhymes, and sounds in language. (Words in sentences) Syllables a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or without surrounding consonants. (Ze-bra; 2 syllables- 1 open syllable and 1 closed syllable) Open syllable ends with a long vowel sound spelled with one vowel letter; no consonant to close it To-tal Ri-val Bi-ble Closed syllable short vowel in syllable, vowel is followed (closed) by a consonant Com-mon But-ter Onset initial phonological unit of any word (c-at) Rime refers to the string of letters that follow, usually a vowel and final consonants (c-at) Rhyme repetition of similar sounds in two or more words. Alliteration the repetition of beginning consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables. (Sally sells seashells at the seashore)