Community Health Nursing Final Exam Questions and Answers – Latest Updated 2024/2025 (100% Correct)

The public health nurse (PHN) knows that he must approach a public health problem with an understanding of the related underlying risk factors in order to develop effective nursing interventions. He must also consider that these risk factors can be either ______ based or ______ based. a) Epidemic; population b) Disease; individual c) Individual; population d) Intervention; government - Answer a) Individual; population If the international medical community was working to contain several worldwide pandemics, they would look to the World Health Organization (WHO), which is: a) Working to improve health and well being for the global population b) The public health arm of the united nations c) Working with nurses to promote public health interventions d) All of the above - Answer d) All of the above The Institute of Medicine (IOM) stated in their report, The Future of the Public's Health, that there are three core functions that society carries out to collectively support the optimum conditions for public health. Which one of the following is not one of these functions? a) Assessment b) Assurance c) Prevention d) Policy development - Answer c) Prevention With aging, there is an increase in noncommunicable (chronic) illness. The PHN recognizes that an example of a noncommunicable illness is: a) Heart disease Community Health Nursing Final Exam Questions and Answers – Latest Updated 2024/2025 (100% Correct) b) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) c) HIV d) Hepatitis - Answer a) Heart disease The obesity rate in a local neighborhood is partially the product of a limited access to full service grocery stores and a lack of dedicated safe venues for exercise. This is an example of issues related to the "upstream" determinants of public health that contribute to the ecology of a community's health "downstream." The PHN understands that upstream determinants include social relations, neighborhoods and communities, institutions, and ____. a) Tertiary nursing interventions b) Availability of medicine to treat disease c) Increasing the number of primary care provider d) Social and economic policies - Answer d) Social and economic policies A nursing instructor is giving a lecture on community participation in an ecological public health system. She teaches that the benefits of this collaboration for participants in the community's public health are that their efforts increase effectiveness and productivity, empower the participants, strengthen social engagement, and ____. a) Increase the number of medical facilities b) Decrease disease rates c) Monitor childhood illnesses d) Ensure accountability - Answer d) Ensure accountability Which layer of government is responsible for issuing quarantines during a communicable disease outbreak? a)State b) Local c) Federal d) All of the above - Answer b) Local The nursing student is taught correctly that local health departments do not oversee which of the following? a) The surveillance of disease b) Public sanitation and water supply c) Licensing of local hospitals d) Investigation of disease outbreaks - Answer c) Licensing of local hospitals The PHN recognizes that environmental science, epidemiology, biostatistics, biomedical sciences, and ______ form the foundational subjects of public health. a) Social and behavioral sciences b) The humanities c) Anthropology d) economics - Answer a) Social and behavioral sciences If a PHN meets the PHN Core Competencies, he or she should be able to do which of the following? Select all that apply a) Work with corporations to create an emergency response program to bioterrorism b) Create a financial plan for a clinic and manage the budget c) Function as a medical doctor at a clinic if there is none d) Understand the dietary restrictions of new immigrants e) Develop policy for handling a local quarantine - Answer a) Work with corporations to create an emergency response program to bioterrorism d) Understand the dietary restrictions of new immigrants e) Develop policy for handling a local quarantine In 2011, the National Prevention Strategy released a plan to increase the number of Americans who are healthy at every stage of life. Which of the following is not one of the strategic directions included in the strategy? a) Eliminating health disparities b) Building healthy and safe community efforts c) Increasing access to care d) Empowering people to make healthy choices - Answer c) Increasing access to care A nursing student is studying the seven priorities of the National Prevention Strategy. The student correctly identifies which one of the following interventions as not reflecting any of the seven priorities in this plan? a) Conducting a smoking cessation clinic b) Assisting low-income families to sign up for health-care insurance c) Providing nutrition classes which offer weekly fill-in guides for grocery shopping d) Building a health and exercise center in a hospital near the physical and occupational therapy areas - Answer b) Assisting low-income families to sign up for health-care insurance If a nurse is using the natural history of a disease to help develop a primary prevention program for a specific disease, he or she would begin with: a) Making sure that everyone in a certain area receives treatment. b) Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free state. c) Looking at screening tools for identifying person who may have the disease. d) Going to the autopsies of the patients who have died. - Answer b) Studying the continuum of the disease with a focus on the disease free state. When a health-care provider offers nutritional health teaching on portions, patterns, and choices, he or she is using which type of approach? a) Ecological b) Downstream c) Upstream d) Health promotion - Answer b) Downstream A school cafeteria is planning menus for the school year. They used the 2012 national law that calls for school lunch programs to have larger portions of fruits and vegetables, less sodium, and no trans fats as their guide. This is an example of: a) An upstream approach b) An examination of the social aspects of obesity c) A downstream approach d) A and C - Answer a) An upstream approach A public health nurse (PHN) notices the rising incidence of H1N1 (swine flu) in a geographic area. The nurse considers possible interventions, knowing that the preclinical phase of H1N1 lasts: a) One to two days b) Two to four days c) Three to four days d) Five to seven days - Answer a) One to two days In the traditional public health prevention framework, the level of prevention that includes early detection and initiation of treatment for disease, or screening, is referred to as the: a) Clinical level b) Primary level c) Tertiary level d) Secondary level - Answer d) Secondary level Attributable risk is the proportion of cases or injuries that would be eliminated if a risk factor did not occur, but preventable fraction is: a) The number of cases that actually occur in a given population at a specific point in time. b) What could be achieved with a program implemented in a community setting within the at-risk population when community members actually participate in the program. c) The number of cases that require intervention. d) An estimation of the number of cases with the high-risk factor(s). - Answer b) What could be achieved with a program implemented in a community setting within the at-risk population when community members actually participate in the program. Population attributable risk (PAR) is based on the assumption that the risk factor is removed from the entire population being targeted. It also can be used to calculate the cost benefit and the ____ of a prevention program. a) Cost effectiveness b) Necessity c) Population ecology d) Percent of repeat participant - Answer a) Cost effectiveness The nursing student is studying learning theories. He learns that television commercials are an example of which learning theory? a) Constructivism b) Cognitivist c) Bandura's theory of social learning d) Behaviorism - Answer c) Bandura's theory of social learning A patient diagnosed with diabetes buys books, reads articles, talks with knowledgeable people, informs himself about what he can do to improve his health, and takes action. The nurse recognizes this method of adult learning as: a) Pedagogy b) Andragogy c) Constructivism d) Humanism - Answer d) Humanism A nursing student is listening to a lecture on poor health outcomes. Based on research by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), the instructor says that for an individual with a non-communicable disease less knowledge of chronic disease management and performance of fewer health promotion activities at home, most likely reflects: a) Low health literacy b) Lack of adequate health insurance c) Limited access to medical services d) Few prevention programs within the community - Answer a) Low health literacy Which of these tests is not an indicator of health literacy? a) The Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (TOFHLA) b) Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (REALM) c) National Quality Forum (NQF) d) Suitability Assessment of Material (SAM - Answer c) National Quality Forum (NQF) A nursing student is studying preventable causes of death. In 2011, what was not one of the four leading at-risk behaviors that were underlying causes of disease and preventable death? a) Tobacco use b) Falls c) Alcohol use d) Lack of exercise or physical activity e) Poor nutrition - Answer b) Falls If the total number of cases of a disease is 100, and the total number of persons in a population is 1,000, what would the prevalence be? Record answer as a decimal. ________________________ - Answer 0.1 In a hypertensive study, nurses took the blood pressure readings of 250 participants. In order to determine the accuracy of their readings, they wanted to test the sensitivity of their instruments. If the number of true positives is 40, and the total number of participants with disease (true positives plus false negatives) is 55, the sensitivity of the instrument is __________________. Record answer with one decimal place. - Answer 72.7% When screening for, monitoring, and diagnosing disease, a health-care provider always evaluates a measurement tool for which of the following attributes? Select all that apply. a) Reliability b) Validity EMAIL ME: For help with report, Assignment, Essay and thesis writing c) Functionality d) Sensitivity e) Specificity - Answer a) Reliability b) Validity d) Sensitivity e) Specificity In order to assess the prevalence of a disease in a population, a PHN can use the prevalence pot to help better understand the occurrence of disease in her or his community. The prevalence pot: Select all that apply. a) Depicts the total number of current cases in the population. b) Takes into account duration and incidence of the disease. c) Includes assessing the total number of cases of a disease taking into account all of the stages of the disease. d) Is a method of calculating the potential number of new cases in a population. e) Determines the amount of primary medications used to treat diseases in a certain population. - Answer a) Depicts the total number of current cases in the population. b) Takes into account duration and incidence of the disease. c) Includes assessing the total number of cases of a disease taking into account all of the stages of the disease. Based on the Social-Ecological model of health, which of the following are components of health? Select all that apply. a) Physical environments b) Social environments c) Social relations d) Political systems e) Health-care systems - Answer a) Physical environments b) Social environments A PHN is assigned to an area to do a community assessment. The demographic data the nurse collects includes: a) Insurance company preference b) Vaccination rates c) Educational levels d) Medical results - Answer c) Educational levels A nursing instructor explains to a nursing student that information about a community's health services and resources includes all of the following factors except: a) Service use patterns b) Treatment data c) Insurance costs d) provider/client ratios - Answer c) Insurance costs A nursing instructor describes one approach to conducting an assessment as a collection of data about the populations living within the community; an assessment of the assets within the community, such as the local health department capacity; and the identification of problems and issues in the community, such as unmet needs and health disparities and opportunities for action. The instructor explains that this type of approach is called a: a) Rapid needs assessment b) Comprehensive community assessment c) Population focused assessment d) Health impact assessment - Answer b) Comprehensive community assessment A PHN is looking for a tool to help conduct a community assessment. The nurse can get such a tool from the: a) National institute of occupational safety and health (NIOSH) b) Affordable care act (ACA) c) Institute of Medicine (IOM)'s report The future of public health d) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE) - Answer d) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Community Health Assessment and Group Evaluation (CHANGE) A PHN goes to a factory to find out why employees are missing so many work days. What type of assessment would be the most appropriate in this case? a) Setting specific assessment b) Health impact assessment c) Problem or health issue based assessment d) Population focused assessment - Answer a) Setting specific assessment In order to develop maintenance and survival strategies for a community in the event of an emergency, a PHN looks for useful places, persons, and systems. This part of the assessment is called: a) Capacity building b) Needs assessment c) Participatory research d) Asset mapping - Answer d) Asset mapping A PHN encourages her public health department to use the Mobilizing for Actions through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP) strategic model because the six phases of the MAPP process includes: a) Financial planning b) Mortality review c) The full scope of health planning d) Geographic data collection - Answer c) The full scope of health planning A PHN is using the MAPP model to conduct an assessment within the community and has reached Phase 3, performing the four assessments. The analysis of the legislation, technology, and other external positive and negative influences that have an impact on the promotion and protection of the public's health is called a: a) Community themes and strengths assessment b) Forces of change assessment c) Community health status assessment d) Local public health system assessment - Answer b) Forces of change assessment