EXSC Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024

EXSC Midterm Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024 What are the 3 substrates? - answercarbohydrates, fats, proteins Glycolysis is - answerBreakdown of glucose Each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis results in how many pyruvate - answer2 pyruvate During the krebs cycle - answerAcetyl Co-A is broken-down to create ATP,NADH and FADH2 Within the electron transport chain - answer- Electrons are dropped off from NADH and FADH - ATP is created Glycogen - answerGlycogen is simply linear chains of glucose molecules that split into many branches. Triglycerides - answer• Most of the stored body fat is in the form of triglycerides • Composed of glycerol and three fatty acids If anaerobic glycolysis starts with glycogen - answer1 additional net ATP is formed How many total ATP are produced from a glucose molecule - answer32 Conversion of pyruvate to lactate during exercise - answerAllows for glycolysis to continue by freeing up NADH True or false? As exercise intensity increases, contribution of ATP from fats increases - answerFalse One benefit of endurance training is improvement in mitochondrial function that allows for - answerGreater fat oxidation at any given intensity Which protein binds with the myosin head to form the cross-bridge during a muscle contraction? - answerActin Myosin (Thick Filaments) - answer• Two intertwined filaments with globular heads • Will interact with actin filaments for contraction • Stabilized by titin Actin (thin filaments) - answerhave binding sites for myosin Tropomyosin - answercovers active site at rest Troponin - answeranchored to actin, binds Ca2+, which moves tropomyosin and unlocks myosin-binding site so that contraction can occur Where is ATP required during a muscle contraction? - answerReleasing myosin heads from actin and pumping Ca back into SR True or False? increasing force production is done through increasing motor unit recruitment in which the largest motor units are recruited first - answerFalse How quickly a muscle can become activated and relax is largely dependent on - answerRate at which Ca is released and pumped back into SR. Size principle of force - answerrecruit small motor units first - Recruiting more motor units that are bigger in size = greater force - Increasing stimulation frequency for a given motor unit Force of type I motor units - answerless force Force of type II motor units - answermore force True or False? Titin allows for greater force production, especially during eccentric contractions, and at a reduced metabolic cost. - answerTrue Titin - answerA series elastic component protein responsible for allowing the sarcomere to stretch and recoil Why is force production decreased at longer sarcomere lengths? - answerReduced overlap between actin and myosin Where on a force and velocity chart represents an isometric contraction - answerAt the top with high force but no velocity isometric contraction - answerMuscle contracts but there is no movement, muscle stays the same length True or False? Since max force is produced during isometric contractions, max power is also produced during isometric contractions. - answerFalse Power equals - answerforce x velocity -From force-velocity relationships you can determine power-velocity relationships which are more relevant to performance. Which fibers likely have higher mitochondri