GACE Middle Grades Science 014 Rated A+

GACE Middle Grades Science 014 Rated A+ scientific method observation question hypothesis experiment analyze & conclusion hypothesis a possible explanation, that can be tested, for a set of observations (can be changed or modified) theory also referred to as a model, describes and explains why phenomena occur (can be changed or modified) law also referred to as a principle, is a statement summarizing conditions and observations independent variable is the variable that you manipulate dependent variable the outcome variable of the test convenience sample people who are willing/able to be tested clustered sample a sample based off of geographical location random sample a sample with equal chances to be tested stratified sample a sample where variables are identified in advance to keep it controlled empirical type of data that is based off facts, numbers and stats from the real world quantitative data that is in numbers qualitative data that is non-numerical, usually anecdotal evidence body of facts and info formed from the data; should be verifiable and can be reproduced system a collection of parts that work together and influence one another cycles a series of connected events that repeat constancy states that do not change (homeostasis, equilibrium) change to become different/modified (weather, butterflies) roger bacon created the scientific method copernicus devised the heliocentric theory, the sun is the center not earth galileo invented the telescope to support heliocentricism published the first scientific paper (Starry Messenger) newton developed the laws of motion and universal gravitation, created calculus, discovered white light is combination of all colors, reFLECting telescope atomic theory the explanation of matter and energy (elements) gregor mendel father of genetics was also a priest heredity the transmission of traits from parent to offspring allele the individual trait