ADVANCED TRAUMA LIFE SUPPORT (ATLS) LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL
EXAM TEST BANK 300 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100 % PASS SOLUTION
A+ GRADE
You should assume that any patient in a multisystem trauma with an altered level of
consciousness or blunt injury above the clavice has what type of injury - ANSWER-Cervical
Spine Injury
Flail chest is invariably accompanied by which can interfere with blood oxygenation - ANSWER-
pulmonary contusion - do NOT over fluid resuscitate these patients.
Hypotension is caused by until proven otherwise. - ANSWER- hypovolemia
When you dont have a BP what are three things to look for when evaluating perfusion? -
ANSWER-1. level of consciousness (brain perfusion
2. Skin color (ashen face/grey extremities)
3. Pulse (bilateral femoral - thready/tachy)
Elderly patients have a limited ability to to compensate for blood loss - ANSWER-increase heart
rate
Resuscitation fluids should be warmed to 39 Celsius - ANSWER-Only for Cyrstalloids, NOT for
blood
Urinary catheters are good for assessing renal perfusion and volume status. List 5 signs of
urethral injury that might precent you from inserting one - ANSWER- Blood at urethral
meatus, perineal ecchymosis, blood in scrotum, high-riding/non- palpable prostate, pelvic
fracture
,Which arm should you NOT put a pulse-ox on? - ANSWER-The arm with the BP cuff
2 anatomical things that can interfere - ANSWER-Obesity and intraluminal bowel gas
When should radiographs be obtained? - ANSWER-During the Secondary survey!
How do get an ample patient history? - ANSWER-Allergies Medications
PMH/Pregnancy Last meal Events/Environment
Why might you want a Bair Hugger for a patient who smells of Alcohol? - ANSWER-Vasodilation
can lead to hypothermia
What things are you looking for when you do a DRE in trauma - ANSWER-Blood, high riding
prostate, sphincter tone,
What should be done for every female patient - ANSWER-Pregnancy test
Adult patients should maintain UOP of at least mL/kg/hr. Kids should have at least
mL/kg/hr - ANSWER-Adults 0.5 mL/kg.hr
Kids 1.0 mL/kg/hr
Preventing hypercarbia (hypercapnia) is critical in patients who have sustained a
injury - ANSWER-head
,What two places would you LOOK at a patient if you suspect hypoxemia? - ANSWER-Lips and
fingernail beds
Patients may be abusive and belligerent because of -, so don't just assume its due to drugs,
alcohol, or the fact they they are just inherently a jerk - ANSWER-hypoxia
Can a patient breath on their own after complete cervical cord transection - ANSWER-Yes if the
phrenic nerves (C3-C5 are spared. This will result in 'abdominal' breathing. The intercostal
muscles will be paralyzed though
Can you use an OPA (Guedel) in a conscious patient - ANSWER-No, it could make them vomit.
An NPA (trumpet) would be okay.
Bougies are typically inserted blindly, how do you know you are in the trachea and not the
esophagus? - ANSWER-You can feel the clicks as the distal tip rubs against the cartilaginous
tracheal rings, or it will deviate right or left when entering either bronchus (at 50 cm)
What do yo NOT want to hear if you auscultate a patient after placement of an ET tube? -
ANSWER-Borborygmi - rumbling or gurgling noices suggest esophageal insertion.
What is the RSI dose for etomidate - ANSWER-0.3 mg/kg (usually 20 mg)
What is the RSI dose for succinylcholine - ANSWER-1-2 mg/kg (usually 100 mg)
, How does etomidate affect blood pressure - ANSWER-it doesnt -it shouldnt have any effect on
BP. Ketamine will increase BP, and propofol and thiopental will both drop BP.
A RSI dose of succinylcholine usually lasts about minutes - ANSWER-5
What hypnotic/sedative/induction agent do you NOT want to use for a severely burned
patient? - ANSWER-Sux - patients with severe burns, crush injuries, hyperkalemia, or chronic
paralytic/neuromuscular disease should NOT get Sux because of hyperkalemia risk
O2 should flow at 15L for needle cricothyroidotomy, and have a Y connector for insufflation if
possible. What size needle do you use for adults? Kids? - ANSWER-
Adults: 12-14 gauge
kids: 16-18 gauge
Cricoid cartilage is the only circumferential support for the upper trachea in kids, therefore
surgical cricothyroidotomy is not recommeded for kids under the age of
. - ANSWER-12
In a 'normal' patient without significant chest wall injury or lung disease, needle
cricothyroidotomy can provide adequate oxygenation for approximately minutes -
ANSWER-30-45
For a patient with difficulty breathing, what things might you try before you provide a surgical
aurway - ANSWER-Chin Lift, jaw-thrust (NOT head-tilt while maintaining c-spine precautions),
OPA (guedel), NPA (trumpet), LMA, Combitube, ET tube +- bougie
How do you know if an OPA/Guedel is the correct size for the patient? - ANSWER-A correctly
sized OPA will extend from the corner of the patients mouth to the external auditory canal.
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