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P5 explain the concept of homeostasis M2 explain how the body maintains the optimum conditions for energy metabolism D2 analyse the consequences of homeostatic processes failing in the body UNIT 5€7,42
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P5 explain the concept of homeostasis M2 explain how the body maintains the optimum conditions for energy metabolism D2 analyse the consequences of homeostatic processes failing in the body UNIT 5
P5 explain the concept of homeostasis M2 explain how the body maintains the optimum conditions for energy metabolism D2 analyse the consequences of homeostatic processes failing in the body UNIT 5
m2 explain how the body maintains the optimum conditions for energy metabolism
d2 analyse the consequences of homeostatic processes
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A/AS Level
OCR
Health and Social Care
A2 Unit F921 - Anatomy and physiology in practice
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P5 explain the concept of homeostasis
M2 explain how the body maintains the optimum conditions for energy metabolism
D2 analyse the consequences of homeostatic processes failing in the body
The concept of homeostasis is to maintain a constant environment inside of the body. Our
body has sensors which help to monitor a number of different things such as breathing, heart
rate, body temperature, and blood sugar levels. Homeostasis uses these sensors to control
and monitor certain systems throughout the body and keeping it normal. The sensors are
also known as detectors which send signals to body if there is a change which is different
from the norm. Homeostasis makes the body react to any external influences which have
caused the change to the body. This is called negative feedback. Negative feedback is when
the receptors in the body detect that something is wrong, this triggers a message which is
sent to the effectors. The effectors cause a reaction in the body which restores the body
back to its normal environment. This is how homeostasis keeps the systems of the body in
balance. Homeostasis helps the body to maintain and regulate the heart rate, blood
pressure, breathing rate, body temperature, blood glucose levels, and blood concentration
levels.
Homeostasis mechanisms help to regulate heart rate in different scenarios. For example
when exercising, the body needs more oxygen, so the blood vessels contract which raises
the blood pressure. This results in a response which causes the heart rate to increase to
ensure that the level of oxygen in the body's cells stays consistent, preventing homeostatic
imbalance.
https://prezi.com/us1wzq-mfdja/how-the-heart-maintains-homeostasis/
Homeostasis uses a utilisation of both rapid and slow mechanisms to ensure that blood
pressure readings within the normal limits. The baroreceptor reflex is the fast acting
homeostatic mechanism which helps to regulate blood pressure. This reflex involves
receptors, sensory nerves, and motor nerves, which all work together to ensure that blood
pressure stays within the normal level. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone mechanism is the
slow but long term mechanism which helps to regulate blood pressure. The kidneys secrete
renin in the bloodstream which reacts with the angiotensin. The angiotensin causes blood
vessels to constrict and secrete aldosterone. Aldosterone increases the amount and water
and sodium absorbed by the kidneys, which increases the amount in the bloodstream. This
mechanism causes blood pressure to rise.
https://healthyliving.azcentral.com/homeostatic-regulation-of-blood-pressure-12230667.html
Breathing rate is regulated through homeostatic mechanisms in the bloodstream. When the
body is at rest, the breathing rate is regular, ensuring that the body has the correct amount
of oxygen inhaled and carbon dioxide exhaled. When the body is more active the oxygen
levels in the blood decrease, and the carbon dioxide levels increase. The brain senses that
the levels are incorrect and increase both the heart rate and breathing rate to makeup the
difference. When the activity stops, the brain slows the heart and breathing rate back to
normal levels.
https://www.livestrong.com/article/30209-breathing-regulated/
Homeostasis helps the body to regulate temperature using temperature receptors in the skin
which detect any changes to the external temperature. This information is passed to the
brain. The brain has temperature receptors which detect changes to the temperature of the
blood. If there is a change then the body triggers changes to the sweat glands, skin and
muscles to ensure that the body temperature remains constant. The sweat glands release
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