CDRE Exam Practice Questions & Answers 2024/2025
A client with a history of ovarian cancer is being treated with radiation. The client is admitted to the hospital with a high-output distal gastrointestinal fistula and has lost 15 kg in the last 4 months.
What nutrition intervention should the...
A client with a history of ovarian cancer is being treated with radiation. The client is admitted to the
hospital with a high-output distal gastrointestinal fistula and has lost 15 kg in the last 4 months.
What nutrition intervention should the dietitian recommend? - ANSWERSPN to meet nutrition needs
When the fistula output is high and distal, discontinuation of oral intake is recommended because oral
intake stimulates further loss of fluids, electrolytes and protein via the fistula.
The client is at risk for refeeding syndrome. Which electrolyte abnormalities should the dietitian
monitor? - ANSWERSIn refeeding syndrome, a rapid increase in insulin stimulates movement of
extracellular potassium and phosphate into the cells causing a rapid fall in blood concentrations of these
ions.
The dietitian notices that the client's serum sodium is above the normal range. What is the mostlikely
cause?
Overhydration
Diuretic use
Inadequate sodium intake
Dehydration - ANSWERSdehydration
High-output fistula is defined by fluid loss over 500 mL/day. A high-output fistula increases the possibility
of fluid and electrolyte imbalance and puts the client at high risk of dehydration.
The fistula has healed, and the physician asks the dietitian to reassess the client. What should the
dietitian recommend?
Initiate nutrition support
Initiate a regular meal plan
Initiate clear fluids
Initiate a low-fibre meal plan - ANSWERSCF
,Oral feeding should be initiated as soon as the gastrointestinal tract is functional. Dilute liquids are taken
first and then, as the bowel adapts, the patient begins the slow return to a regular diet.
The client is now on a regular meal plan and the dietitian wants to determine if nutrition needs are being
met. What method would the dietitian use to get an estimate of the client's usual intake?
Obtain a 3-day food intake record
Observe the client at mealtime
Complete a 24-hr food recall
Request nursing for comments on the client's intake - ANSWERS3 day food record
A 3-day food record would provide the best picture of usual intake as it allows the dietitian to average
intake over a 3-day period.
observation : This will provide information only for the observed meals, not total food intake.
A 24-hr recall provides no information about day-to-day variation of food intake.
Information from nursing can be subject to interpretation depending on the person.
Also, often the rotation of nursing staff can change every 8-12 hours and from day to day so observations
may not be consistent.
A patient is admitted to hospital for shortness of breath, nausea, vomiting and ascites. The patient
reports a recent rapid weight gain of 7 kg (height: 160 cm, current weight: 67 kg). Upon admission, lab
data reveal a low serum albumin and normal liver function tests. The patient's diet provides about 6,800
kJ (1,600 kcal) and 60 g protein. Which conclusion should the dietitian make based on this information?
Weight gain is a positive indicator of improved nutrition status
Recent weight gain reflects an increased oral intake
, Serum albumin is low due to the intake of a low-protein diet
Recent weight gain is related to low serum albumin - ANSWERSRapid and significant weight gain is most
likely due to a shift in fluid balance. This is supported by the low albumin level, which can result in
edema, confirmed by theclient's ascites.
A client is referred to the dietitian for an initial visit about their lactose intolerance. The referral form
indicates that the client is apprehensive and reluctant to discuss their symptoms. Which action would be
most effective when counselling the client?
Ask the client questions to assess verbal and non-verbal responses
Ask the client to record and email their symptoms before their next appointment
Provide the client with a list of lactose-free products
Outline the dietary changes the client will have to make - ANSWERSassess vernal and nonverbal cues
Drawing client out puts them at ease and establishes rapport. Non-verbal communication is a reliable
indicator of client apprehension
An objective of a high school nutrition program is to increase the daily consumption of vegetables and
fruit. Which tool will the dietitian use to assess behaviour change?
Food frequency questionnaire
3-day food record
Pre- and post-program questionnaire Focus groups - ANSWERSpre and post questionnaire: This approach
assesses whether the behavioral change goals of the program have been achieved.
food frequency: This approach looks at an individual's eating habits and does not assess behaviorchange.
3 day food record assesses an individual's eating habits for a 3-day period and does not assess behavior
change.
focus groups: this approach is a guided discussion to provide feedback and would not assess behaviour
change
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