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Test Bank For Brock Biology of Microorganisms 13th Edition By Michael Madigan John Martinko David Stahl David Clark (All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade) €14,98
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Brock Biology Of Microorganisms 13e Michael Madiga
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Test Bank For Brock Biology of Microorganisms 13th Edition By Michael Madigan John Martinko David Stahl David Clark (All Chapters, 100% Original Verified, A+ Grade)
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Brock Biology of Microorganisms 13e Michael Madigan John Martinko
David Stahl David Clark (Test Bank All Chapters, 100% Original Verified,
A+ Grade) Answers At The End Of Each Chapter
Chapter 1
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) Fannie Hesse is credited with giving ________ the idea to use agar as a solidifying agent. 1) _______
A) Sergei Winogradsky B) Ferdinand Cohn
C) Louis Pasteur D) Robert Koch
2) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is very difficult to stain because of the 2) _______
A) lack of a cell wall.
B) presence of ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
C) large amounts of a waxy lipid present in its cell wall.
D) location of the DNA within the cell.
3) The theory of spontaneous generation was refuted by the work of 3) _______
A) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. B) Robert Hooke.
C) Louis Pasteur. D) Robert Koch.
4) Regarding early life on Earth, 4) _______
A) microbial life existed for billions of years before plant and animal life.
B) microbial life, plant life, and animal life all appeared at about the same time.
C) microbial life existed long before animals but has been around for about the same amount
of time as plants.
D) it is impossible to determine which type of life first appeared.
5) Which part of the human body does not contain a significant normal microbial flora? 5) _______
A) skin B) stomach C) oral cavity D) large intestine
6) The science of grouping and classifying microorganisms is known as 6) _______
A) microbial systematics. B) proteomics.
C) microbial physiology. D) metabolomics.
7) A specific molecule, used especially by evolutionary biologists, that is unique to a particular 7) _______
taxonomical group is called a
A) taxon. B) metabolic tracer.
C) genome. D) biomarker.
8) The largest mass of living material on Earth comes from 8) _______
A) animals. B) plants.
C) plants and animals together. D) microorganisms.
9) Protein catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called 9) _______
A) evolutionary molecules. B) catalytic converters.
C) growth agents. D) enzymes.
10) Microbial ecology is the study of 10) ______
A) the grouping and classifying of microorganisms.
B) microbial processes in the soil that benefit plant growth.
C) the diversity and activities of marine microorganisms.
D) microorganisms in their natural environments.
11) Louis Pasteur's most famous success was his work on 11) ______
A) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. B) the rabies vaccine.
, C) fermentation in the winemaking process. D) optical isomers.
12) The structure that confers structural strength on the cell is known as the 12) ______
A) cell wall. B) cytoplasmic membrane.
C) ribosome. D) cytoplasm.
13) A Pasteur flask has a(n) 13) ______
A) double neck so two substances may be added at the same time.
B) inverted upper edge to prevent spillage while swirling.
C) swan neck to prevent particulate matter from getting into the main body of the flask.
D) secondary opening at the base to allow for drainage.
14) Which of the following is/are characteristic of cellular organisms? 14) ______
A) metabolism B) communication
C) regeneration and reproduction D) all of the above
15) Most prokaryotic cells reside 15) ______
A) in and on nonprokaryotic organisms (including humans and other animals).
B) in lakes, rivers, and oceans.
C) in the oceanic and terrestrial subsurfaces.
D) on Earth's surface.
16) Applied microbiology deals with important practical problems in 16) ______
A) medicine. B) industry. C) agriculture. D) all of the
above.
17) Microbial sterilization is used to 17) ______
A) kill all microbes in or on objects.
B) clean a work area.
C) decrease the possibility of contaminants growing in a culture.
D) kill bacteria but not necessarily viruses or other microbes.
18) Robert Koch contributed to the field of microbiology by being the first person to 18) ______
A) use agar as a solidifying agent in growth media.
B) formulate four postulates for definitively linking a specific microorganism to a specific
disease.
C) develop the tuberculin test.
D) all of the above.
19) Which of the following is NOT an accomplishment of Louis Pasteur? 19) ______
A) developed heat sterilization techniques that involved the creation of a specialized
swan-necked flask
B) developed enrichment culture techniques
C) determined that the alcohol-making process was mediated by microbial fermentation and
thus refuted the theory of spontaneous generation
D) developed the first rabies vaccine and treated thousands of individuals
20) Which statement is generally NOT true? 20) ______
A) Microbial cells exclude the cells of plants and animals.
B) Microbial cells carry out their life processes of growth independently.
C) Microbial cells include both bacteria and viruses.
D) Microbial cells exist as single cells.
,21) Microbial control in wastewaters would most logically be a part of 21) ______
A) bacterial energetics. B) aquatic microbiology.
C) microbial genetics. D) microbial technology.
22) Developments in the fields of immunology and medical microbiology were practical extensions 22) ______
of the work of
A) Robert Koch. B) Sergei Winogradsky.
C) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. D) Joseph Lister.
23) Which of the following is NOT a major ecosystem? 23) ______
A) terrestrial
B) atmospheric
C) other organisms, such as plants and animals
D) aquatic
24) Microbes playing a role in nitrogen fixation in plants live in ________, while those playing a role 24) ______
in the digestive tract of certain herbivores live in ________.
A) nodules / fortrans B) rumens / nodules
C) nodules / rumens D) fortrans / rumens
25) In what/which domain(s) of life is/are microorganisms represented? 25) ______
A) Bacteria B) Archaea C) Eukarya D) all of the above
26) A pure culture 26) ______
A) was cultured for a certified stock culture.
B) is made of a clearly defined chemical medium.
C) is a population of identical cells.
D) is sterile.
27) Differential selection and reproduction of phenotypes occurs during a process called 27) ______
A) growth. B) transformation.
C) cellular differentiation. D) evolution.
28) Louis Pasteur developed the vaccine(s) for 28) ______
A) fowl cholera. B) rabies. C) anthrax. D) all of the
above.
29) Chemolithotrophy involves 29) ______
A) metabolic autotrophy. B) oxidation of inorganic compounds.
C) reduction of organic compounds. D) oxidation of organic compounds.
30) Microorganisms play key roles in the cycling of important nutrients in plant nutrition, 30) ______
particularly those of
A) sulfur. B) nitrogen.
C) carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. D) carbon.
31) Robert Koch's greatest accomplishment in the field of medical bacteriology was with 31) ______
A) Bacillus subtilis. B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
C) Bacillus cereus. D) Escherichia coli.
32) Transparent double-sided dishes used for growing microbes are most commonly called 32) ______
, A) Petri dishes. B) baker dishes.
C) culture medium plates. D) sterilization plates.
33) The person who described the "wee animalcules" was 33) ______
A) Robert Hooke. B) Louis Pasteur.
C) Antoni van Leeuwenhoek. D) Ferdinand Cohn.
34) The discovery of antibiotics and other important chemicals led to the field of 34) ______
A) marine microbiology. B) agricultural microbiology.
C) industrial microbiology. D) aquatic microbiology.
35) Martinus Beijerinck was the first to isolate 35) ______
A) green algae.
B) certain sulfate-reducing bacteria.
C) certain nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria.
D) all of the above.
36) Which statement is TRUE? 36) ______
A) Populations are assemblages of microbial communities.
B) Microbial communities are assemblages of populations.
C) Populations are assemblages of habitats.
D) Habitats are assemblages of microbial communities.
37) Basic microbiology can be used to 37) ______
A) model our understanding of cellular processes in multicellular organisms, including
humans.
B) study characteristics of cells of multicellular organisms.
C) probe the fundamental processes of life.
D) do all of the above.
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
38) The process whereby microorganisms are used to help clean up pollution created by 38) _____________
human activities is known as ________.
39) The first documented description of a microorganism was of a ________ by ________. 39) _____________
40) An ecosystem could be defined as ________ along with their ________. 40) _____________
41) Microbial biochemistry involves the discovery of ________ and the ________. 41) _____________
42) Robert Koch received the 1905 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for ________. 42) _____________
43) A population of identical cells is known as a(n) ________. 43) _____________
44) ________ was the first to identify a new form of autotrophy in which energy is obtained 44) _____________
from oxidizing inorganic compounds called ________.
45) DNA sequencing to study organisms' entire nucleotide sequences initially brought about 45) _____________
the field of ________, which has itself spawned the subdisciplines of ________ and
________ that represent more functional-based approaches.
46) The discoveries of Martinus Beijerinck and Sergei Winogradsky led to practical advances in the field of
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