Straighterline CHEM101 Final Exam |
Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
What is the empirical formula of a compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆?
✔✔ CH₂O
How do you calculate the number of moles in 5 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl)?
✔✔ Divide the mass of NaCl by its molar mass.
Describe the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond.
✔✔ An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, creating charged ions, while
a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10⁻⁶ M?
✔✔ 6
Explain what happens to the equilibrium position of a reaction when the temperature is increased
for an endothermic reaction.
✔✔ The equilibrium position shifts towards the products.
1
,What is the molar mass of potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄)?
✔✔ 174.26 g/mol
How do you determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ Compare the amount of each reactant present to the stoichiometric ratios given in the
balanced equation.
What is the principle behind Le Chatelier’s principle?
✔✔ If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will adjust to counteract the disturbance and restore
equilibrium.
What is the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentration of reactants for a
reaction with a second-order rate law?
✔✔ The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactants.
How is the heat of reaction (ΔH) determined for a given chemical reaction?
✔✔ It is calculated by measuring the difference in enthalpy between the products and reactants.
2
,What is the role of a buffer solution in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ A buffer solution resists changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base.
What type of isomerism is exhibited by compounds that have the same molecular formula but
different arrangements of atoms in space?
✔✔ Stereoisomerism
How do you find the empirical formula from the percent composition of a compound?
✔✔ Convert the percent composition to moles, then divide by the smallest number of moles to
obtain the simplest whole number ratio.
What is the significance of the molecular orbital theory in understanding chemical bonding?
✔✔ Molecular orbital theory explains bonding by describing how atomic orbitals combine to
form molecular orbitals, which are occupied by electrons in the molecule.
How do you calculate the dilution of a solution when adding solvent?
✔✔ Use the formula C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, where C is the concentration and V is the volume, before and
after dilution.
3
, What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid in terms of dissociation in water?
✔✔ A strong acid completely dissociates into ions in water, while a weak acid only partially
dissociates.
What is the primary factor affecting the rate of a chemical reaction according to the Arrhenius
equation?
✔✔ The activation energy and temperature.
How can you determine the concentration of a solution using a titration?
✔✔ By reacting a known volume of the solution with a titrant of known concentration and
calculating the concentration based on the volume of titrant used.
What happens to the freezing point of a solution when a non-volatile solute is added?
✔✔ The freezing point of the solution decreases compared to the pure solvent.
Describe the concept of oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction.
✔✔ Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, while reduction involves the gain of electrons.
4
Latest Version | 2024/2025 | Rated A+
What is the empirical formula of a compound with the molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₆?
✔✔ CH₂O
How do you calculate the number of moles in 5 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl)?
✔✔ Divide the mass of NaCl by its molar mass.
Describe the difference between an ionic bond and a covalent bond.
✔✔ An ionic bond involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, creating charged ions, while
a covalent bond involves the sharing of electrons between atoms.
What is the pH of a solution with a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 × 10⁻⁶ M?
✔✔ 6
Explain what happens to the equilibrium position of a reaction when the temperature is increased
for an endothermic reaction.
✔✔ The equilibrium position shifts towards the products.
1
,What is the molar mass of potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄)?
✔✔ 174.26 g/mol
How do you determine the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ Compare the amount of each reactant present to the stoichiometric ratios given in the
balanced equation.
What is the principle behind Le Chatelier’s principle?
✔✔ If a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it will adjust to counteract the disturbance and restore
equilibrium.
What is the relationship between the rate of a reaction and the concentration of reactants for a
reaction with a second-order rate law?
✔✔ The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactants.
How is the heat of reaction (ΔH) determined for a given chemical reaction?
✔✔ It is calculated by measuring the difference in enthalpy between the products and reactants.
2
,What is the role of a buffer solution in a chemical reaction?
✔✔ A buffer solution resists changes in pH upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base.
What type of isomerism is exhibited by compounds that have the same molecular formula but
different arrangements of atoms in space?
✔✔ Stereoisomerism
How do you find the empirical formula from the percent composition of a compound?
✔✔ Convert the percent composition to moles, then divide by the smallest number of moles to
obtain the simplest whole number ratio.
What is the significance of the molecular orbital theory in understanding chemical bonding?
✔✔ Molecular orbital theory explains bonding by describing how atomic orbitals combine to
form molecular orbitals, which are occupied by electrons in the molecule.
How do you calculate the dilution of a solution when adding solvent?
✔✔ Use the formula C₁V₁ = C₂V₂, where C is the concentration and V is the volume, before and
after dilution.
3
, What is the difference between a strong acid and a weak acid in terms of dissociation in water?
✔✔ A strong acid completely dissociates into ions in water, while a weak acid only partially
dissociates.
What is the primary factor affecting the rate of a chemical reaction according to the Arrhenius
equation?
✔✔ The activation energy and temperature.
How can you determine the concentration of a solution using a titration?
✔✔ By reacting a known volume of the solution with a titrant of known concentration and
calculating the concentration based on the volume of titrant used.
What happens to the freezing point of a solution when a non-volatile solute is added?
✔✔ The freezing point of the solution decreases compared to the pure solvent.
Describe the concept of oxidation and reduction in a redox reaction.
✔✔ Oxidation involves the loss of electrons, while reduction involves the gain of electrons.
4
