NSG 434 focused on cardio pre-assessment exam questions with verified answers 2024/2025
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NSG 434 focused on cardio pre-assessment exam questions with verified answers 2024/2025
Venous and arterial ductos should be - correct answer closed at birth
Disorders with increased pulmonary flow - correct answer •normal heart - left side of heart has a higher pressure than the right
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nsg 434 focused on cardio pre assessment exam ques
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NSG 434 focused on cardio pre-assessment
exam questions with verified answers
2024/2025
Cardiac catherization nursing care - correct answer iv fluids until child is
taking and retaining adequate amounts of oral fluids
Vital signs - every 5-15 minutes - on a monitor. Special emphasis on hr (s/s of
dysrhythmias or bradycardia) and bp (hypotension from hemorrhage)
Insertion site - every 5-15 minutes during early post-op hours. Assess for
bleeding - check dressing and underneath for pooling. If bleeding occurs,
apply pressure with a gloved hand for 10-15 minutes, assess distal perfusion
of affected extremity, and notify cardiologist.
Peripheral perfusion - affected extremity may be mottled and cooler but distal
pulses should be palpable. If not check with a doppler. Notify cardiologist if
absent pulses, the temp or degree of mottling changes, or the child complains
of increasing pain.
Keep npo b/c they may be going to surgery
Child has increased pain--> check for hemorrhage
Congenetal heart disease - correct answer •result from some interference in
the development of the heart structures during fetal life
−septal walls or valves may fail to develop completely
,−vessels or valves may be stenotic, narrowed or transposed
−fetal circulation structures may not close after birth
Chd factors - correct answer the exact cause of chd is unknown. However,
the belief is that it results from interplay of several factors including genetics
and maternal exposure to environmental factors (toxins, infections, chronic
illness, and etoh)
Children with certain genetic defects have an extremely high incidence of
cardiac disorders (down's, turners)
A family history of chd, especially in a parent or a sibling, increases the risk
Many diagnosed at birth but some are not.
Goal - return the child to normal or near-normal anatomy and physiology as
soon as possible
Venous and arterial ductos should be - correct answer closed at birth
Disorders with increased pulmonary flow - correct answer •normal heart -
left side of heart has a higher pressure than the right
•these defects - blood is shunted from the left side to the right side
•increases amount of blood flowing through the heart and lungs
If the amount of blood flowing to the lungs is large, the child may develop -
correct answer heart failure early in life
Excessive blood flow to the lungs can produce tachypnea and tachycardia
May result in pulmonary edema if the defect is severe
Most common
Disorders with decreased pulmonary blood flow - correct answer §tetralogy
of fallot
§tricuspid atresia
Chd obstructive disorders - correct answer −coarctation of the aorta
−aortic stenosis
−pulmonary stenosis
Chd mixed disorders - correct answer −transposition of the great vessels
−truncus arteriosus
−hypoplastic left heart syndrome (hlhs)
Patent ductus arteriosus (pda) - correct answer passageway (ductus
arteriosus) between the aorta and the pulmonary artery remains open (patent)
after birth
•failure of ductus arteriosus to close after birth
•more frequent in premature infants
•blood enters the pulmonary artery via the aorta
•increases workload of the left side of the heart. Turns into liagmentum arter.
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