NURA306 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Problem identification - Answer-defining problems that are worthy of action
Agenda Setting - Answer-Nurses can work as advocates in this stage of the policy process, engaging with legislators and policy makers to share the data collected in the problem iden...
Problem identification - Answer-defining problems that are worthy of action
Agenda Setting - Answer-Nurses can work as advocates in this stage of the policy
process, engaging with legislators and policy makers to share the data collected in the
problem identification stage.
Policy formulation - Answer-Development of policy proposals by stakeholders and
interest groups occurs at this stage
policy legitimation - Answer-This step in the policy process often involves developing
political support to motivate policymakers to act
Policy implementation - Answer-policy is put into action
policy evaluation - Answer-Evaluation involves assessing the extent to which a policy
successfully improves the problem it was designed to fix
Community health nurses should teach clients these 3 questions every time they meet
with a healthcare provider - Answer-What is my main problem
What do I need to do
Why is it important for me to do this.
Mortality Rates - Answer-Calculates the probability of death from any cause among the
entire population within a given time frame.
Incidence/Attack Rates: - Answer-- A measure of the probability that people without a
certain condition will develop the condition over a period of time, often a year.
- It measures the pace of which new illnesses, for example covid-19, occur in a
previously disease-free group of people.
- Considered a measure of morbidity
Prevalence Rates - Answer-Measures the number of people in a given population who
have a specific existing condition at a given point in time.
Epidemiologic Model - Answer-uses data collected from descriptions and statistical
relationships to evaluate the level of health and well-being within a community and
address identified needs
, Ecological Model - Answer-a guide used to examine the determinants of health for a
population and for targeting interventions
five levels of the Health Impact Pyramid - Answer-From bottom to the top:
-Socioeconomic factors: poverty, lack of education, lack of clean water
- Changing the context to make individuals default decisions healthy: food and drug
safety, elimination of trans fats in food, restricting smoking in public places
- Long lasting protective interventions: immunizations, colonoscopy
-Clinical interventions : treatment of hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes
-Education & counseling: require the largest effort by individuals
four processes of the Logic Model of Change. - Answer-- Inputs/resources (PHN, social
marketing plan, volunteers, healthy food)
- Activities (meet with opinion leaders, schedule volunteers)
- Output/measures (number of families accessing markets, number of meals per week)
- Intermediate outcomes (program is self sustaining, maximize opportunities)
Geographic community - Answer-group of people who live within identified boundaries
and governing systems. EX: city, town or neighborhood
Phenomenological community - Answer-members of a community sharing common
interest or beliefs. Also referred to as communities of solution
Geopolitical community - Answer-a community that is sharing Geographic boundaries
and governing structuresc
Aggregate - Answer-population group with common characteristics
Determinants of Health - Answer-- Education access and quality (EX: literacy, language,
higher education)
- Economic stability (EX: income, debt, expenses)
- Social and community cohesion (EX: support systems, community engagement)
- Neighborhood and built environment (EX: housing, transportation, safety)
- Healthcare access and quality (EX: insurance coverage, quality of healthcare)
Social Determinants - Answer-social conditions in which people are born, live and work
Public Health Nurse Principles - Answer-- Emphasize primary prevention.
- Work to achieve the greatest good for the largest number of individuals.
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