NSG 120
Nursing Pathophysiology
READINESS EXAM GUIDE
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following conditions is
characterized by a decrease in bone density?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Rheumatoid Arthritis
D) Osteomalacia
Correct Answer: A) Osteoporosis
Rationale: Osteoporosis is a condition where decreased
bone density leads to an increased risk of fractures.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: __________ is the term used to
describe abnormally high blood pressure.
Correct Answer: Hypertension
Rationale: Hypertension refers to higher than normal
blood pressure, which can lead to cardiovascular
complications.
3. True/False: Insulin resistance is a primary component of
Type 1 diabetes.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the body's
inability to produce insulin, whereas insulin resistance is a
hallmark of Type 2 diabetes.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the
following are considered cardinal signs of inflammation?
A) Redness
B) Heat
C) Swelling
D) Pain
E) Loss of function
©2024/2025
, Correct Answers: A) Redness, B) Heat, C) Swelling, D)
Pain
Rationale: These are the four cardinal signs of
inflammation, indicating the body's response to injury or
infection.
5. Multiple Choice: What is the primary pathophysiological
process of asthma?
A) Alveolar collapse
B) Airway hyperresponsiveness
C) Decreased cardiac output
D) Impaired gas exchange
Correct Answer: B) Airway hyperresponsiveness
Rationale: Asthma is primarily characterized by
hyperresponsiveness of the airways, leading to
bronchoconstriction and airflow limitation.
6. Fill-in-the-Blank: The accumulation of fluid in the
peritoneal cavity is known as __________.
Correct Answer: Ascites
Rationale: Ascites is the medical term for the build-up of
fluid in the space between the lining of the abdomen and
abdominal organs.
7. True/False: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is reversible and non-progressive.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: COPD is a chronic and progressive disease
that is not fully reversible, characterized by long-term
breathing problems and poor airflow.
8. Multiple Response: Which of the following are risk factors
for coronary artery disease? Select all that apply.
©2024/2025
Nursing Pathophysiology
READINESS EXAM GUIDE
Q&S
©2024/2025
,1. Multiple Choice: Which of the following conditions is
characterized by a decrease in bone density?
A) Osteoporosis
B) Osteoarthritis
C) Rheumatoid Arthritis
D) Osteomalacia
Correct Answer: A) Osteoporosis
Rationale: Osteoporosis is a condition where decreased
bone density leads to an increased risk of fractures.
2. Fill-in-the-Blank: __________ is the term used to
describe abnormally high blood pressure.
Correct Answer: Hypertension
Rationale: Hypertension refers to higher than normal
blood pressure, which can lead to cardiovascular
complications.
3. True/False: Insulin resistance is a primary component of
Type 1 diabetes.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes is characterized by the body's
inability to produce insulin, whereas insulin resistance is a
hallmark of Type 2 diabetes.
4. Multiple Response: Select all that apply. Which of the
following are considered cardinal signs of inflammation?
A) Redness
B) Heat
C) Swelling
D) Pain
E) Loss of function
©2024/2025
, Correct Answers: A) Redness, B) Heat, C) Swelling, D)
Pain
Rationale: These are the four cardinal signs of
inflammation, indicating the body's response to injury or
infection.
5. Multiple Choice: What is the primary pathophysiological
process of asthma?
A) Alveolar collapse
B) Airway hyperresponsiveness
C) Decreased cardiac output
D) Impaired gas exchange
Correct Answer: B) Airway hyperresponsiveness
Rationale: Asthma is primarily characterized by
hyperresponsiveness of the airways, leading to
bronchoconstriction and airflow limitation.
6. Fill-in-the-Blank: The accumulation of fluid in the
peritoneal cavity is known as __________.
Correct Answer: Ascites
Rationale: Ascites is the medical term for the build-up of
fluid in the space between the lining of the abdomen and
abdominal organs.
7. True/False: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD) is reversible and non-progressive.
Correct Answer: False
Rationale: COPD is a chronic and progressive disease
that is not fully reversible, characterized by long-term
breathing problems and poor airflow.
8. Multiple Response: Which of the following are risk factors
for coronary artery disease? Select all that apply.
©2024/2025
