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American Politics and the US Constitution - C963 WGU Questions and Answers (100% Pass)

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natrual rights Life, Liberty, and Property John Locke 17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property. State of Nature Hypothetical condition assumed to exist in the absence of governme...

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American Politics and the US
Constitution - C963 WGU Questions
and Answers (100% Pass)
natrual rights


✓ Life, Liberty, and Property



John Locke


✓ 17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who
asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.



State of Nature


✓ Hypothetical condition assumed to exist in the absence of government where
human beings live in "complete" freedom and general equality.



Due Process


✓ involves the government's obligation to treat all citizens fairly. Such a requirement
lessens the extent to which government power can be exercised over the individual,
making the power differential between the two more fair, and ensuring a general
sense of political equality



Social Contract


✓ A voluntary agreement among individuals to secure their rights and welfare by
creating a government and abiding by its rules.



Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)




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✓ One of the first individuals to contribute to the idea of the social contract was a
pre-Enlightenment English philosopher



Leviathan (1651): Thomas Hobbes


✓ Hobbes argues that society is not something natural and immutable, but rather it is
something created by us.



Labor Movement


✓ the formation of labor unions, during the 1880's, for the workers to receive better
treatment by



Constitution


✓ A document which spells out the principles by which a government runs and the
fundamental laws that govern a society



Bill of Rights


✓ The first ten amendments to the Constitution



Declaration of Independence


✓ the document recording the proclamation of the second Continental Congress (4
July 1776) asserting the independence of the colonies from Great Britain



Thomas Jefferson


✓ Wrote the Declaration of Independence



Shays's Rebellion (1786-1787)


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✓ which almost resulted in potential mob rule, suggested there might be too much
democracy at play, and that maybe individual liberty was going too far



Articles of Confederation


✓ A weak constitution that governed America during the Revolutionary War.



Federalist no. 51


✓ Argues that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to
prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one person or a single group.



First Amendment


✓ Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting
the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a
redress of grievances.



Second Amendment


✓ Right to keep and bear arms



Third Amendment


✓ The government may not house soldiers in private homes without consent of the
owner



Forth Amendment


✓ It protects people against unfair searches of their homes; search and seizure.



Fifth Amendment

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✓ A constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of
crimes, including protection against double jeopardy, self-incrimination, and
punishment without due process of law.



Sixth Amendment


✓ Right to a speedy and public trial



Seventh Amendment


✓ Right to a trial by jury in civil cases



Eighth Amendment


✓ No cruel and unusual punishment



Nineth Amendment


✓ peoples rights are not just limited to those listed in the Constitution and Bill of
Rights



Tenth Amendment


✓ Amendment stating that the powers not delegated to the federal gov. are reserved
to the states



bicameral legislature


✓ A law making body made of two houses (bi means 2). Example: Congress (our
legislature) is made of two house - The House of Representatives and The Senate.



House of Representatives


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