WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM GUIDE |BRAND NEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS
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WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
WGU D313 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM GUIDE |BRAND NEW EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS ALL GRADED A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Myocardium - ANSWER-muscular, middle layer of the heart.
Contains cardiac muscle fibers
Where is the base of the heart located? - ANSWER-At th...
WGU D313 ANATOMY AND
PHYSIOLOGY ACTUAL EXAM GUIDE
2024-2025|BRAND NEW EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS ALL GRADED
A+|GUARANTEED SUCCESS
Myocardium - ANSWER-✅muscular, middle layer of the heart.
Contains cardiac muscle fibers
Where is the base of the heart located? - ANSWER-✅At the third costal cartilage
Where is the apex of the heart located? - ANSWER-✅5th intercostal space,
midclavicular line
Layers of the heart from outer to inner
(Heart only) - ANSWER-✅Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
Layers of the heart from outer to inner (six layers) - ANSWER-✅Fiberous
pericardium
Parietal layer of serious pericardium
Pericardial cavity
,Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
function of pericardium - ANSWER-✅protects the heart and retains its position in
the mediastinum
Serosal pericardium - ANSWER-✅Closed sac composed of two thin layers (visceral
and parietal) with a narrow cavity (pericardial cavity) between them filled with
pericardial fluid.
Function of the serosal pericardium - ANSWER-✅Reduces friction as the heart beats
What layer of the heart covers the heart valves? - ANSWER-✅endocardium
Pericardium - ANSWER-✅A thin, fluid filled sac that covers the outer surface of the
heart
pericardial cavity - ANSWER-✅A narrow cavity filled with pericardial fluid
Pericardial fluid - ANSWER-✅Thin serous fluid found in the pericardial cavity
Pathway of blood through the heart - ANSWER-✅Right atrium,
tricuspid valve,
right ventricle,
pulmonary semilunar valve,
pulmonary trunk,
pulmonary arteries,
lungs,
pulmonary veins,
left atrium,
bicuspid (mitral) valve,
left ventricle,
aortic semilunar valve
Venules - ANSWER-✅small vessels that gather blood from the capillaries into the
veins
Blood goes from the inferior and superior vena cava to... - ANSWER-✅Right atrium
Valve after right atrium - ANSWER-✅Tricuspid valve
Right AV valve
Tricuspid valve leads to - ANSWER-✅right ventricle
What valve does the right ventricle send blood through? - ANSWER-✅Pulmonary
valve
,Pulmonary vein leads to the - ANSWER-✅left atrium
Blood goes from the left atrium through what valve? - ANSWER-✅Mitral valve
Left AV valve
Mitral valve leads to what chamber - ANSWER-✅Left ventricle
Blood exits, the left ventricle through what valve? - ANSWER-✅Aortic valve
Three main types of arteries - ANSWER-✅1. Elastic arteries (conducting arteries)
2. Muscular arteries (distributing arteries)
3. Arterioles (resistance vessels)
layers of arteries and veins - ANSWER-✅tunica interna,
tunica media,
tunica externa
layers of arterioles and venules - ANSWER-✅Tunica interns,
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Function of elastic arteries - ANSWER-✅stretch when blood is forced out of the
heart, and recoil under low pressure
layers of capillaries - ANSWER-✅only tunica intima
Muscular arteries (distributing arteries) - ANSWER-✅lack elastic fibers in the walls.
Smooth muscles maintain, sustained pressure.
Well-defined walls
Repeatedly branch until they reach their target organ
Arterioles (resistance vessels) - ANSWER-✅Thin, porous, microscopic arteries that
feed blood to the capillaries
Terminal end of atrerioles - ANSWER-✅Metarteriole
What regulates blood flow in arterioles - ANSWER-✅Sympathetic nerves
Localized, chemical mediators
vascular resistance - ANSWER-✅Resistance to the flow of blood through the vessels
Microcirculation - ANSWER-✅Circulation of blood in the capillaries
, Properties of capillaries - ANSWER-✅Single layer of endothelial cells
Form networks to provide a large surface area in contact with tissues
Where exchange happens between vessels and tissue
What is vasomotion? - ANSWER-✅Intermittent contraction, relaxation of the pre-
capillary sphincter that pushes blood from a metarteriole to a capillary.
Names of the capillary exchange mechanisms, the facilitate movement of
substances, to inform the exchange site - ANSWER-✅Diffusion
Bulk flow (reabsorption, and filtration)
Transcytosis (vascular transport)
Active transport
Diffusion - ANSWER-✅Movement of molecules from an area of higher
concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What substances use diffusion to go between capillaries and body tissue? -
ANSWER-✅Lipid, soluble substances
- Oxygen
- carbon dioxide
- steroid hormones
Blood brain barrier - ANSWER-✅a filtering mechanism of the capillaries that carry
blood to the brain and spinal cord tissue, blocking the passage of certain substances,
because it is resistant to diffusion
Bulk flow in capillaries - ANSWER-✅Movement of large number of ions, molecules
or particles together from an area of high-pressure to low pressure
Blood hydrostatic pressure - ANSWER-✅Pressure generated from the heart that
pushes fluid out of capillaries into interstitial fluid, promoting filtration
Pressure of the interstitial fluid surrounding cells that push fluid from interstitial
spaces back into the capillaries
Blood colloid, osmotic pressure - ANSWER-✅Proteins in the blood that are too large
to pass through the fenestrations into this tissue remaining capillaries.
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