Pediatrics HESI Exam 2023 -2024 Test Bank Complete 350 Actual Exam
Questions with Correct Detailed Answers (Verified Answers) Rated A+
1. A 6-month-old infant with congestive Apical heart rate of 60.
heart failure (CHF) is receiving digox-
in elixir. Which observation by the A heart rate of 60 (A) is much low-
nurse warrants immediate interven- er than normal for a 6-month-old
tion? and warrants immediate interven-
Apical heart rate of 60. tion. The normal heart rate for a
Sweating across the forehead. 6-month-old is 80 to 150 BPM when
Doesn't suck well. awake, and a rate of 70 while sleep-
Respiratory rate of 30 breaths per ing is considered within normal lim-
minute. its. (B and C) are expected symp-
toms of heart failure in an infant. (D)
is within normal limits for an infant.
2. The nurse is teaching the parents of Administer aerosol therapy followed
a 5-year-old with cystic fibrosis about by postural drainage before meals.
respiratory treatments. Which state-
ment indicates to the nurse that the Postural drainage for a child with
parents understand? cystic fibrosis is most effective
Perform postural drainage before when performed after nebulization
starting aerosol therapy. and before meals (C) or at least
Give respiratory treatments when the 1 hour after eating to prevent nau-
child is coughing a lot. sea and vomiting. Postural drainage
Administer aerosol therapy followed uses gravity to promote mucous re-
by postural drainage before meals. moval after nebulization (A) treat-
Ensure respiratory therapy is done ments which open the airways. Pul-
daily during any respiratory infection. monary toileting or respiratory treat-
ments should be given 3 to 4 times
daily, not episodically (B and D).
3. A female teenager is taking oral tetra- Use sunscreen when lying by the
cycline HCL (Achromycin V) for acne pool.
vulgaris. What is the most important
instruction for the nurse to include in Photosensitivity is a common
this client's teaching plan? side effect of tetracycline HCL
Use sunscreen when lying by the (Achromycin V) therapy. Severe
pool. sunburn can occur with minimal
Cleanse the skin at least 4 times a sun exposure and clients should
day. be instructed to avoid sunlight and
Take the medication with a glass of to use sunscreen (A). (B and D)
, Pediatrics HESI 2023 -2024 Test Bank
milk. are not related to tetracycline HCL
Menstrual periods may become ir- (Achromycin V) therapy. (C) should
regular. be avoided because dairy prod-
ucts interfere with the absorption of
tetracyclines.
4. What preoperative nursing interven- Observe for projectile vomiting.
tion should be included in the plan of
care for an infant with pyloric steno- Projectile vomiting (D), which con-
sis? tributes to metabolic alkalosis (A), is
Monitor for signs of metabolic acido- the classic sign of pyloric stenosis.
sis. (B) is not indicated. (C) is danger-
Estimate the quantity of diarrhea ous, due to the potential for aspira-
stools. tion with frequent vomiting.
Place in a supine position after feed-
ing.
Observe for projectile vomiting.
5. An infant is born with a ventricu- Prevent the return of oxygenated
lar septal defect (VSD) and surgery blood to the lungs.
is planned to correct the defect. The
nurse recognizes that surgical cor- Closure of VSDs stops oxygenat-
rection is designed to achieve which ed blood from being shunted from
outcome? the left ventricle to the right ventri-
Stop the flow of unoxygenated blood cle (C). VSDs are acyanotic defects,
into systemic circulation. which means that no unoxygenated
Increase the flow of unoxygenated blood enters the systemic circula-
blood to the lungs. tion (A and B). (D) is common with
Prevent the return of oxygenated Tetrology of Fallot, which is a cyan-
blood to the lungs. otic defect.
Reduce peripheral tissue hypoxia
and nailbed clubbing
6. A 3-week-old newborn is brought to A. Monitor the the infant's weight
the clinic for follow-up after a home and number of wet diapers per day.
birth. The mother reports that her B. Increase the infant's intake per
child bottle feeds for 5 minutes only feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week.
and then falls asleep. The nurse aus- D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed
cultates a loud murmur characteristic on demand or every 2 hours.
, Pediatrics HESI 2023 -2024 Test Bank
of a ventricular septal defect (VSD), E. Use a softer nipple or increase
and finds the newborn is acyanotic the size of the nipple opening.
with a respiratory rate of 64 breaths
per minute. What instruction should Antibiotic prophylaxis is recom-
the nurse provide the mother to en- mended for infants with VSDs, but
sure the infant is receiving adequate should not be mixed in a bottle of
intake? (Select all that apply.) formula (C) because it is difficult to
A. Monitor the the infant's weight and ensure that the total dose is con-
number of wet diapers per day. sumed.
B. Increase the infant's intake per
feeding by 1 to 2 ounces per week. They should be monitored for
C. Mix the dose of prophylactic antibi- weight gain and at least 6 wet dia-
otic in a full bottle of formula. pers per day (A). A one-month old
D. Allow the infant to rest and refeed infant should ingest 2 to 4 ounces
on demand or every 2 hours. of formula per feeding and progress
E. Use a softer nipple or increase the to about 30 ounces per day by
size of the nipple opening. 4-months of age (B)
7. Preoperative nursing care for a child Put a sign on the bed reading, "DO
with Wilms' tumor should include NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN."
which intervention?
Gently percuss the abdomen for evi- Prevention of abdominal palpation
dence of trapped air. (D) minimizes the risk of rupturing
Observe the abdomen for any notice- the encapsulated tumor and subse-
able discolorations. quent metastasis. (A) is unneces-
Apply cold compresses to the ab- sary, and this action could trauma-
domen to reduce edema. tize the tumor in the same manner
Put a sign on the bed reading, "DO as palpation. (B and C) are incorrect
NOT PALPATE ABDOMEN." since the abdomen is not discolored
and cold compresses are not indi-
cated.
8. At 8 a.m. the unlicensed assistive Administer PRN prescription of
personnel (UAP) informs the charge nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually.
nurse that a female adolescent client
with acute glomerulonephritis has a Sublingual Procardia (B) lowers
blood pressure of 210/110. The 4 a.m. blood pressure very quickly, and
blood pressure reading was 170/88. this should be done first. (A) may
The client reports to the UAP that also be done, but oral diuretics do
, Pediatrics HESI 2023- 2024 Test Bank
she is upset because her boyfriend not work as rapidly as the sublin-
did not visit last night. What action gual antihypertensive. When notify-
should the nurse take first? ing the healthcare provider, the first
Give the client her 9 a.m. prescription thing he/she will want to know is if
for an oral diuretic early. the PRN antihypertensive has been
Administer PRN prescription of administered (C). (D) does not con-
nifedipine (Procardia) sublingually. sider the seriousness of this find-
Notify the healthcare provider and ing. The nurse should stay with the
inform the nursing supervisor of the client until the blood pressure is re-
client's condition. duced.
Attempt to calm the client and retake
the blood pressure in thirty minutes.
9. The nurse is assessing an Clubbed fingers.
8-month-old child who has a med-
ical diagnosis of Tetrology of Fallot. Tetrology of Fallot, a cyanotic heart
Which symptom is this client most defect, causes clubbing of fingers
likely to exhibit? and toes (D) due to tissue hypoxia.
Bradycardia. Tachycardia, not (A), is a manifes-
Machinery murmur. tation of congenital heart disease.
Weak pedal pulses. (B) is a classic sign of ventricular
Clubbed fingers. septal defect. (C) is characteristic of
coarctation of the aorta.
10. Surgery is being delayed for an infant A trial of human chorionic go-
with undescended testes. In collab- nadotrophic hormone.
oration with the healthcare provider
and the family, which prescription A trial of HCG (human chorionic
should the nurse anticipate? gonadotrophic hormone) (C) may
A trial of adrenocorticotrophic hor- aid in testicular descent, but does
mone injections. not replace surgical repair for true
Frequent stimulation of the cremas- undescended testes. Undescend-
teric reflex. ed testes (cryptorchidism) may be
A trial of human chorionic go- found in the inguinal canal due
nadotrophic hormone. to exaggerated cremasteric reflex.
Frequent warm baths to gently dilate (A) is not indicated. Stimulation of
the scrotal area. the cremasteric reflex causes the
testes to ascend rather than de-
scend in the scrotum (B). (D) may
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