Hoorcollege 1: What is Classical?
General use:
● Ageless
● Model for later generations (time-tested)
● Refined
History:
● Generally: “Classical Antiquity”
● Specifically: “The Classical period in Greece” (480-323 BC)
Art History:
● Naturalism
● Controlled and superior (“Olympian”)
● Emotionally balanced (negative: devoid of emotion)
Classis (Latin)
● The census class division of Roman citizens (also: highest of these classes)
‘Classical’
● Term appears in mid-18th c.
● Circulated widely by J.W. von Goethe and his contemporaries ca. 1800 to speak of
“classical antiquity” and the classical age in Athens in particular.
Left: The Calf-bearer (Moschophoros)
Ca. 560, Athenian Acropolis
Right: Kritios Boy
- 490-480 (Persian Wars)
- Hair
- Counter poise stance
(contrapposto)
- “Ethos”--> character, sense of an
inner life
,Classical Period
● Ca. 490-480 BCE (Persian Wars) to ca. 323 BCE (death of Alexander the Great)
● (Emotionally) balance The Spear-bearer (Doryphoros)
● Rhythm
● Order
● Controlled and superior (“Olympian”)
● Naturalism
The first humanist:
Protagoras from Abdera
”In each case there are two
opposite views”
ca. 490-420 BC
Minoans
-middle bronze age→ marine style
-2100-1600 BCE
-Palaces in Crete→ they were powerhubs, centers of redistribution. Linear A
-Pithos: large storage container
-Crete: many references to Bulls (fresco, rhyton)
-Lost influence about 1600: buildings collapsed because of earthquakes and mainland
invaders.
Mycenaeans:
- take over aspects from Minoans
, - 1600-1050
- conquest of Minoan Crete in 1450 BCE
- palaces on the mainland
- linear B
- burial culture: burial mounts and tholos (beehive) after 1450.
- king was the ruler of the religion
- figurines were found
- pottery: at first like Minoan sea creatures, then more geometric, more abstract, but
warrior scenes as well.
The end of the Bronze Age
● Mass migration. Most of these kingdoms collapsed
● Hittites in Anatolia--> Ugarit harbor town. Destroyed by the Sea people.
● Migration of the Sea Peoples--> 1210 Mycenae and then clockwise until 1177 in the Nile
delta.
● New type of small ship causes the migration.
, Hoorcollege 2a: the Early Iron Age Period and Style
Early Iron Age
● Disappearance of palatial culture
● Warlords
● Limited architectural remains
● Limited utensils
● “Fluchtburgen” -> people move away from the coast
and live on relatively easily defendable hilltops
● Peak sanctuaries
● Burials → cremation
● Introduction of iron
○ From Anatolia, via Cyprus
● Colonization of Asia Minor and Cyprus
Sub-Mycenaean
Ca. 1070-1025 BCE
Pottery: Minoan and Mycenaean
● Mycenaean Buttery employs shapes native to the mainlands, such as the stirrup jar,
the two handled drinking cup, and tall kylix (cup) , but was clearly influenced by
Minoan painted motives after the conquest of Knossos in 1450. Motives have
travelled but have also been adapted to differing tastes.
● Abstract ornament and horizontal bands, as well as highly stylized warriors, hunters,
and chariot scenes, are common on Mycenaean pottery.
Voordelen van het kopen van samenvattingen bij Stuvia op een rij:
Verzekerd van kwaliteit door reviews
Stuvia-klanten hebben meer dan 700.000 samenvattingen beoordeeld. Zo weet je zeker dat je de beste documenten koopt!
Snel en makkelijk kopen
Je betaalt supersnel en eenmalig met iDeal, creditcard of Stuvia-tegoed voor de samenvatting. Zonder lidmaatschap.
Focus op de essentie
Samenvattingen worden geschreven voor en door anderen. Daarom zijn de samenvattingen altijd betrouwbaar en actueel. Zo kom je snel tot de kern!
Veelgestelde vragen
Wat krijg ik als ik dit document koop?
Je krijgt een PDF, die direct beschikbaar is na je aankoop. Het gekochte document is altijd, overal en oneindig toegankelijk via je profiel.
Tevredenheidsgarantie: hoe werkt dat?
Onze tevredenheidsgarantie zorgt ervoor dat je altijd een studiedocument vindt dat goed bij je past. Je vult een formulier in en onze klantenservice regelt de rest.
Van wie koop ik deze samenvatting?
Stuvia is een marktplaats, je koop dit document dus niet van ons, maar van verkoper annaeschwoll. Stuvia faciliteert de betaling aan de verkoper.
Zit ik meteen vast aan een abonnement?
Nee, je koopt alleen deze samenvatting voor €5,49. Je zit daarna nergens aan vast.
