BIO 1500 - COMPILATION OF ALL EXAM
STUDY SETS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT
Energy (E) - ANSWER capacity to do work
measured in Joules
Kinetic energy - ANSWER energy of movement
-heat: movement of molecules
-light: movement of photons
-electricity: movement of electrons
Potentital energy - ANSWER stored energy
-chemical energy: if bonds are broken we get energy out that has the ability to be
kinetic energy
1st Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER -energy cannot be created or
destroyed, but it can change forms
-changes in the forms of energy surround us every day
The biggest source of energy is the *?* - ANSWER sun
,shorter wavelength = *?* energy - ANSWER higher
longer wavelength = *?* energy - ANSWER lower
E = hc / wavelength - ANSWER h = planck's constant
c = speed of light (constant)
E is inversely related to wavelength
Why do shorter wavelengths have greater E? - ANSWER Each wave carries
energy (photons); shorter wavelength is more humps between two locations so
more energy
Light wavelengths - ANSWER blue light ~450 nm
red light ~660 nm
What happens when light strikes an object? - ANSWER -reflected
-transmitted
-absorbed: the E is transferred to the molecules of the object; photosynthesis
ATP - ANSWER adenosine Tri phosphate
-used to transport E around cells
-chemical bonds between phosphates
,ATP to ADP - ANSWER by breaking bond, energy stored in that bond are now
available for use (breaking down ATP into ADP)
-ADP has less energy than ATP because it doesn't have the stored energy between
second and third phosphate group
-energy connecting 3rd phosphate to second can be used for other processes
-needs energy input
in a typical cell
-cycle occurs 1,000-1,500 times per molecule of ATP each day
-this is how our cells move and use energy
Photosynthesis - ANSWER -the process by which light energy is used to make
carbohydrate molecules from CO2 and water
-takes place in chloroplasts (packed in the cell)
-contain pigment chlorophyll
-pigment: molecuels that absorb light of a particular wavelength (color)
-chlorophyll absorbed red, blue, and violet light
-reflecting wavelength in the middle (green)
Of the following wavelengths (colors) of light, which one do grass plants use most
for photosynthesis?
a. green
b. blue
c. yellow
, d. orange - ANSWER b. blue
What does chlorophyll do with the E? - ANSWER *light-dependent reactions*
-ATP is synthesized (meaning that a 3rd phosphate group is added to ADP;
absorbed energy ends up in bonds between 2nd and 3rd phosphate group)
-NADPH is generated (another E-carrier molecule)
-Water (H2O) is split apart in the process, releasing oxygen (O2) as a by-product
*light-independent reactions*
-the E from ATP and NADPH are used to build glucose from CO2 and water
(=Calvin Cycle)
Requirements for photosynthesis - ANSWER sunlight
water
CO2
products of photosynthesis - ANSWER glucose
O2 = byproduct
What happens with glucose? - ANSWER -make other organic molecules in the
plant
-make ATP out of it where needed
Gene - ANSWER a segment of DNA with instructions for building a protein
molecule
STUDY SETS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS 100%
CORRECT
Energy (E) - ANSWER capacity to do work
measured in Joules
Kinetic energy - ANSWER energy of movement
-heat: movement of molecules
-light: movement of photons
-electricity: movement of electrons
Potentital energy - ANSWER stored energy
-chemical energy: if bonds are broken we get energy out that has the ability to be
kinetic energy
1st Law of Thermodynamics - ANSWER -energy cannot be created or
destroyed, but it can change forms
-changes in the forms of energy surround us every day
The biggest source of energy is the *?* - ANSWER sun
,shorter wavelength = *?* energy - ANSWER higher
longer wavelength = *?* energy - ANSWER lower
E = hc / wavelength - ANSWER h = planck's constant
c = speed of light (constant)
E is inversely related to wavelength
Why do shorter wavelengths have greater E? - ANSWER Each wave carries
energy (photons); shorter wavelength is more humps between two locations so
more energy
Light wavelengths - ANSWER blue light ~450 nm
red light ~660 nm
What happens when light strikes an object? - ANSWER -reflected
-transmitted
-absorbed: the E is transferred to the molecules of the object; photosynthesis
ATP - ANSWER adenosine Tri phosphate
-used to transport E around cells
-chemical bonds between phosphates
,ATP to ADP - ANSWER by breaking bond, energy stored in that bond are now
available for use (breaking down ATP into ADP)
-ADP has less energy than ATP because it doesn't have the stored energy between
second and third phosphate group
-energy connecting 3rd phosphate to second can be used for other processes
-needs energy input
in a typical cell
-cycle occurs 1,000-1,500 times per molecule of ATP each day
-this is how our cells move and use energy
Photosynthesis - ANSWER -the process by which light energy is used to make
carbohydrate molecules from CO2 and water
-takes place in chloroplasts (packed in the cell)
-contain pigment chlorophyll
-pigment: molecuels that absorb light of a particular wavelength (color)
-chlorophyll absorbed red, blue, and violet light
-reflecting wavelength in the middle (green)
Of the following wavelengths (colors) of light, which one do grass plants use most
for photosynthesis?
a. green
b. blue
c. yellow
, d. orange - ANSWER b. blue
What does chlorophyll do with the E? - ANSWER *light-dependent reactions*
-ATP is synthesized (meaning that a 3rd phosphate group is added to ADP;
absorbed energy ends up in bonds between 2nd and 3rd phosphate group)
-NADPH is generated (another E-carrier molecule)
-Water (H2O) is split apart in the process, releasing oxygen (O2) as a by-product
*light-independent reactions*
-the E from ATP and NADPH are used to build glucose from CO2 and water
(=Calvin Cycle)
Requirements for photosynthesis - ANSWER sunlight
water
CO2
products of photosynthesis - ANSWER glucose
O2 = byproduct
What happens with glucose? - ANSWER -make other organic molecules in the
plant
-make ATP out of it where needed
Gene - ANSWER a segment of DNA with instructions for building a protein
molecule
