PHYSIOLOGY

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY NERVE TEST A local anesthetic such as Novocaine decreases membrane permeability to Na+ ions. The use of this anesthetic will Block sensory input into the CNS The sensory (afferent) division of the peripheral nervous system Conveys action potentials to the CNS During depolarization of the plasma membrane, sodium ions move rapidly into the cell Neurotransmitters are released from the presynaptic terminal The peripheral nervous system includes the cranial nerves...

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY TEST - DECEMBER Which part of the digestive system absorbs most of the water from undigested food? Large Intestine The large intestine is mainly responsible for: Absorption of water and electrolytes Which part of the small intestine is closest to the stomach? Duodenum The liver plays a key role in: Detoxifying harmful substances The muscular ring that controls the release of food from the stomach into the small intestine is called the: Pyloric sphincter The ...

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY - MUSCULAR SYSTEM TEST What is responsible for all types of movement? Muscles What do muscles do? Contract and shorten and are the machine of the body What are the three basic types of muscle found in the body? 1. Skeletal Muscle - voluntary - provide movement (attached to bones or skin) 2. Cardiac Muscle - involuntary - heart contraction (walls of the heart) 3. Smooth Muscle - involuntary - movement of substances inside the body (walls of hallow organs) ...

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY TEST 6A What are male gametes called? sperm Leydig cells ________. secrete testosterone Which hypothalamic hormone contributes to the regulation of the male reproductive system? gonadotropin-releasing hormone What is the function of the epididymis? sperm maturation and storage Spermatogenesis takes place in the ________. seminiferous tubules Briefly explain why mature gametes carry only one set of chromosomes. A single gamete must combine with a gamete from a...

INTERNAL ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE TESTES Tunica Vaginalis Outer serous membrane; has visceral and parietal layers with fluid in between. Tunica Albuginea Dense connective tissue; forms septa dividing the testis into lobules. Lobules Contain seminiferous tubules, where sperm production occurs. Seminiferous Tubules Site of spermatogenesis (sperm production). Straight Tubules Collect sperm from seminiferous tubules. Rete Testis Network of tubules; finalizes sperm maturation. E...

AMNIOTIC FLUID PHYSIOLOGY AND TESTING Amnion Provide a protective cushion for the fetus, allow fetal movement, stabilize the temperature, permit proper lung development. Volume of Amniotic Fluid Regulated by a balance between the production of fetal urine and lung fluid and the absorption from fetal swallowing and intramembranous flow; approximately 1L. Polyhydramnios Excess amniotic fluid from failure of fetus to swallow, associated with neural tube defects, fetal structural anomali...

PHYSIOLOGY TEST An increase in stored triglyceride molecules ________, and would be considered a/an ________ reaction. utilizes ATP; anabolic The final electron acceptor in aerobic cell respiration is ________. oxygen Glycolysis converts glucose into two ________ molecules. pyruvic acid Each pair of hydrogens generated in glycolysis are used to ________. reduce 2 molecules of NAD Anaerobic metabolism regenerates the ________ required for glycolysis. NAD Acetyl coenzyme A enables ...

ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY TEAS TEST Skeletal System functions Movement, protection and metabolism. Bone Types Long, short, flat and irregular. Long bones such as the humerus, ulna, radius, femur, tibia, and fibula, have hollow shaft containing marrow. Short bones such as the toe bones and collarbone, are wider than they are long. Irregular bones Such as the skull, knee, and elbow, are non symmetrical. Flat bones such as the scapula, ribs, and sternum, contain marrow but are not holl...

PHYSIOLOGICAL TESTS FOR BACTERIAL IDENTIFICATION Sugar Fermentation Tests an organism's ability to ferment glucose, commonly used to identify Gram - enteric bacteria. Mixed acid fermentation Also known as methyl red test; used to test fermentative organisms that convert sugars into various organic acids. Butanediol fermentation Also known as Vogues-Proskauer test; tests the ability of an organism to convert glucose to acetoin or butanediol. Nitrate Reduction Determines if an org...

MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY TEST QUESTIONS actin The head of the myosin molecule binds to __ to form the crossbridge. tropomyosin What regulatory molecule on the thin filament covers the myosin head binding site on actin? troponin Which molecule on the thin filament has a binding site for calcium? ATP The binding of __ to the myosin head puts the crossbridge in its high energy conformation. ATP __ must bind to the crossbridge for it to disconnect from the actin molecule. ATP __ is responsibl...