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In the 1960s, the role of the NP was not welcomed, many of the educational programs were continuing education programs rather than university programs.In the 1980s and 1990s, NP education moved into the university setting as master’s-level programs, although confusion arose when efforts were made to interchange the clinical nurse specialist (CNS) and NP roles. Today more than 330 graduate-level NP programs exist. Many offer a clinical doctorate—the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)—for...