GNUR 294 (GNUR 294 (GNUR294))

GNUR 294 FINAL EXAM Pharmacotherapy of Alzheimer’s Disease • Builds up these plaques and deposited between the nerve cells • When between the nerve cells cannot transmit nerve signals • Develop mainly in the area in which you learn and retain new information • Long term memory can stay intact, but the ability to learn new information is affected • The nerve fibers and cells become tangled • Begins slowly, the patient is aware that they are losing memory • We know what...

Pharmacotherapy of Infectious Diseases • Talking about bacterial infections, most prominent • Antibiotics • They don’t affect viral infections at all • They best most effective approach is prevention i.e. hand washing • Patients may allergies, pregnant, some host factors that will come into play • Antibiotic resistance- acquired, becoming a major proble clinical settings • Organisms to become resistance to the drugs • Bacteria can build up a defense i.e. MRS, VRE, MDRO...

GNUR 294 FINAL EXAM Pharmacotherapy of Non-HIV Viral Infections • Viruses differ from bacteria in the sense they are compromised of a few molecules • Intracellular parasites, present in many places, some very lethal, some can co-exist • The issue with viruses that make them so difficult is because they used the host cell, they are very difficult to kill • Anti-viral drugs are the least effective • Mutate very rapidly, resistance develops because antiviral medication is geared...

GNUR 294 FINAL EXAM Pharmacotherapy of the Endocrine System: Diabetes & Thyroid Disorders • In terms of a patient with diabetes we know that it’s a disorder of normal carbohydrate metabolism • Cells rely on glucose for ATP and energy production • Two organs that keep glucose levels within normal range • Pancreas and liver • Beta cell produces-insulin • Alpha- glucagon • Drives the glucose from the bloodstream into the cells to use and then rest goes to liver to be st...

GNUR 294 FINAL Nursing Applications Nursing Applications: Coagulation • Evaluate lab findings (aPTT, PT/INR, bleeding time), CBC, platelets, renal and liver function studies, ABGs as appropriate, lipid profiles. • Monitor vital signs and ECG every 15 mins during first hour of infusion, and then every 30 min during the remainder of the infusion. Continue to monitor vital signs 1h for the first 8h following the infusion • Monitor neurologic status frequently, especially if thrombol...

GNUR 294 Pharm Exam 4

GNUR 294 FINAL EXAM REVIEW (M19-22) MODULE 19 PHARMACOTHERAPY OF GI DISORDERS Upper GI • Upper GI disorders – most prevalent in US o Requires the most pharmacologic therapy • Upper GI tract consists of the stomach and the esophagus o Anything below the duodenum is considered lower GI tract – we don’t commonly administer drugs that effect lower GI tract in US • Disorders of upper GI tract include o Peptic ulcer disease (PUD) o Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Mech...

GNUR 294 EXAM 3 REVIEW (M14-18) MODULE 14 PHARMACOTHERAPY OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes – disorder of CHO metabolism • Cells prefer glucose for energy metabolism • Normal BG level 60-100 mg/dL • If high BG (hyperglycemic) ? pancreas releases insulin ? cells take up glucose from blood and liver produces glycogen (remainder of insulin not used is brought to liver, converted to glycogen and stored) ? BG falls • If low BG (hypoglycemic) ? pancreas releases glucag...

Classification Prototype Routes, Onset, Duration of Action Mechanisms of Action Indications Contraindications Adverse Effects Pregnancy Drug Interactions Nursing Responsibilities • Thyroid Hormone Replacement • Synthetic T4 • Levoyhtroxine (Synthroid, Levothyroid, etc.) o Liothyronine (cytomel) o Liotrix (thyrolar) o Thyroid, desiccated (armour) • PO, IV (myxedema coma) • PO: slow onset • IV: 6-8 hrs • DOA: 1-3 weeks, half life 6-7 days • Identical to thyroid hormone: increasing ...

Care of the Patient Receiving Brachytherapy Gail, age 49, is a married mother of four. During her recent gynecological exam she was found to have a Class IV pap smear resulting in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. She is admitted to the hospital for an internal radiation implant (brachytherapy) by way of an applicator placed into the vagina. ? Gail asks why she has to be in a private room. What is your response? ? Because she is radioactive (safety reasons) ? Low dose brachytherapy...