Philosophy

What is Rawls's position on the just distribution of income and wealth in a society? Unequal unless a more equal distribution would benefit everyone Based on effort, talent, and accomplishments Equal unless an unequal distribution would benefit everyone Always equal (Ans- Equal unless an unequal distribution would benefit everyone What is not true of John Rawls's original position? Involves dropping a veil of ignorance Leads to an entitlement view of justice Assumes that p...

Philosophy 101 Final Exam Study Guide: Questions & Verified Answers 100% Correct (Straighterline): Updated A Plus Guide Solution What is not true of the contract that gives rise to the state, according to Thomas Hobbes? It establishes an absolute authority with the power to force people to abide by their agreements It gives citizens a right to revolt if the state acts unjustly towards them Each person transfers to the state all of his or her powers and all of his or her natural rights o...

Which of the following is the central doctrine of modern empiricism? (Ans- All knowledge derives from experience alone. Which of the following modern philosophers is a rationalist? (Ans- Leibniz Which of the following thoughts of Locke's did Berkeley object to? (Ans- The perceptions or ideas of objects we experience can represent external objects that exist independently of the mind. Which of the following counts as a Gettier case? (Ans- Jim has seen Suzie wearing an Italian wat...

According to David Hume, why can't past experience justify claims about the future? a. Our knowledge of past experience depends on memory, which cannot be known to be accurate. b. Tricky question! Hume does think that past experience can justify claims about the future. c. Because we can never know if we are the same person as the person we seem to remember being, past experience cannot be a guide to claims about our future. d. We can never know whether or not the future will be like the ...

What determines the meaning of a proposition, according to the logical positivists? (Ans- The possible observations that would verify it. Which is not a theme an existentialist would be likely to accept? (Ans- Metaphysics can reveal the reason and purpose of life. The just or well-ordered soul manifests which virtue, according to Plato? (Ans- Wisdom What was the fundamental philosophical question for Albert Camus? (Ans- Is there any reason not to commit suicide? Which view abou...

Which of the following is an example of what Aristotle called a universal? (Ans- The property of being red. What is a syllogism? (Ans- A kind of inference. Which ancient philosophical tradition did Plotinus represent? (Ans- Neoplatonism St. Augustine rejected this Neoplatonic claim. (Ans- The highest reality is the One, an impersonal, indefinable, and indescribable god. What do Pyrrhonic skeptics maintain? (Ans- People should suspend judgment about all things. What is asse...

What fallacy is it when an argument assumes only two options when in fact there are more? (Ans- false dilemma Thinking that a person's position is frightening because the person himself is frightening would be an obvious mistake in reasoning. This is an example of the fallacy of _____. (Ans- argumentum ad hominem Epistemology is the branch that explores the sources, nature, limits, and criteria of _____. (Ans- knowledge What was the essence of reality for Heraclitus? (Ans- chan...

STRAIGHTLINER PHILOSOPHY FINAL EXAM / 110 STUDY QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 2023/2024 / GRADED A+. 1. philosophy: love of wisdom or knowledge; encompasses all other disciplines 2. epistemology: the theory or study of knowledge. It asks: How do we know what we know, and can we know anything at all? 3. metaphysics: the branch of philosophy most interested in the question of reality and existence 4. axiology: study of value; deals with artistic value or the value of self-expression 5. ...