Columbia International University
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formative assessment 
Assessment during instruction. Ongoing assessment that checks for understanding while teaching and learning are still happening. 
Ex: Observations, discussions, questioning, exit cards, peer and self assessment. 
 
 
 
standardized assessment 
Any form of test that (1) requires all test takers to answer the same questions, and (2) is scored in a consistent manner. 
Ex: Multiple-choice test 
 
 
 
Performance assessment 
It is the application of knowledge, skills, and work h...
Audiolingual Method 
"army method," drilling correct forms, grammar taught inductively, lots of speaking 
 
 
 
Total Physical Response Approach 
learning through commands and questions, students not made to speak until they are ready 
 
 
 
Grammar Translation Approach 
oldest method, taught almost exclusively in L1, explanation of grammar, lots of vocabulary 
 
 
 
Direct Method 
begin with dialogue then translate then question, grammar taught inductively, imitates L1 learning, lots of speak...
phonology 
Study of a sound system of language 
 
 
 
Generation 1.5 
kids born elsewhere but heavily socialized in the us 
 
 
 
Plyler v Doe 
states can't deny education for illegal immigrants amendment 14 
 
 
 
ELL 
English Language Learner 
 
 
 
CALP 
(Cognitive academic language proficiency) the language ability needed for learning academic skills 
 
 
 
Inflectional 
adds es, s, ed, ing, er does not change the meaning of the word 
 
 
 
Idiom 
an expression whose meanings cannot be infe...
Title VI prohibits discrimination on the grounds of race, language ability, color, or national origin by recipients of federal financial assistance. 
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 
 
 
 
The Bilingual Education Act recognizes the unique educational disadvantages faced by non-English speaking students. Allows federal funding for LEPs and research activities. ELLs are eligible for title I. 
Title VII of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1968 
 
 
 
The Supreme Court ruled th...
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