- Samenvattingen en Aantekeningen

1. What are the key structures examined during a fundoscopic exam?: The optic disc, retina, macula, and retinal blood vessels are assessed for abnormalities such as papilledema, hemorrhages, exudates, or signs of hypertensive or diabetic retinopathy. 2. What does a "cup-to-disc ratio" of more than 0.6 indicate?: A cup-to-disc ratio >0.6 is suggestive of glaucoma, indicating possible optic nerve damage due to increased intraocular pressure. 3. What fundoscopic findings are associa...