PORTAGE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is the definition of pathophysiology? - Answer the study of the body's response to altered function or disease Name the 5 etiologic factors and give an example - Answer 1. physical force (burns) 2. chemical agents (poison) 3. bioloigcal agents (bacteria) 4. genetic predisposition 5. nutritional excesses/deficiencies What are 2 types of risk factors? - Answer congenital and acquired What is the difference between mophology and histology? - Answer morphology is the stru...

Pathophysiology - Answer study of the body's response to altered function or disease Pathology - Answer means disease Physiology - Answer study of body function Health as defined by WHO - Answer state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the basence of disease and infirmity Health is defined by what 4 things according to the US Department of Health and Human Services - Answer 1. attain lives free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and...

Define Neoplasia - Answer means new growth Define Neoplasm - Answer means the new growth itself Define Proliferation - Answer process of cell division where new cell growth replaces old cells or when additional cells are needed Define Differentiation - Answer the process by which cells become more specialized with each mitotice division Describe the cell cycle - Answer G1 to S phase to G2 to M phase What are the 3 main groups of cells that proliferate? - Answer 1. well...

define innate immunity - Answer Innate immunity, also called natural immunity, is the first line of defense. This type of defense is in place before an infection takes place and can function immediately. It is comprised of physical, chemical, cellular, and molecular defenses. How does the skin act as a physical barrier? - Answer The skin's design makes it a strong physical barrier. It has closely packed cells in multiple layers that are continuously being shed. Keratin covers the skin, w...

What is the function of blood? - Answer Transport materials to and from the body's cells. What are the three stages of hemostasis? - Answer Vascular constriction, platelet plug formation, blood coagulation What is vitamin K needed to synthesize? - Answer Factors II, VII, IX, and X, prothrombin, and protein C Discuss the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. - Answer The intrinsic and extrinsic pathways both form prothrombin activator. The intrinsic pathway begins with activation of...

The respiratory system can be divided into what 2 structures? - Answer conducting airways and respiratory tissues What are the levels of branching? - Answer Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli Where is the site of gas exchange? - Answer Alveoli What cells are in the alveolar epithelium? - Answer Type 1 and II alveolar cells, macrophages Describe what happens during inspiration and expiration: - Answer During inspiration, air is drawn into the lungs as the respiratory mus...

Both carbon dioxide and oxygen are able to bind with hemoglobin. - Answer true True/False: Hypoventilation is associated with decreased PCO2. - Answer false The breathing rate is determined by input from ______ that monitor oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels in the blood. - Answer chemoreceptors Lung _____ is the term used to describe the ease or difficulty with which the lungs can be inflated. - Answer compliance True/False: Asthma is considered reversible airway br...

A patient experiences a seizure that manifests with repetitive hand rubbing and reports of hallucinations right before the seizure occurred. They have experienced which type of seizure? - Answer focal seizure with impairment of consciousness or awareness A patient is having difficulty tracking their eye laterally. Which cranial nerve is affected? - Answer CN VI You are seeing a patient with Parkinson's disease in your office. You notice they have difficulty turning themselves around t...

Each of the following statements are true regarding control over the GFR except: - Answer The RAA responds when blood pressure rises above normal limits. (false b/c the RAA responds when blood pressure drops below normal limits.) Which of the following statements is false regarding ADH? - Answer Elevated levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine. (false b/c DECREASED levels of ADH will lead to dilute urine) Cortical nephrons are characterized by the following except: - Answer they o...

What syndrome has an increased production of glucocorticoids? - Answer Cushing's The following are common signs and symptoms of Cushing syndrome EXCEPT: - Answer hypoglycemia Signs and symptoms of Addison's disease include each of the following EXCEPT: - Answer hyperglycemia Addison's disease is due to which of the following: - Answer adrenal gland dysfunction T/F: An endocrine hormone is released into circulation to act on a target organ. - Answer true T/F: A paracri...