Hs 350 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Bone related conditions - ANS -osteoporosis -osteoarthritis neuromuscular conditions - ANS -fibromyalgia -muscular dystrophy mechanical (function of the bone) - ANS -structural support for heart, lungs, and marrow -protection for brain, uterus, and other internal organs -attachment sites for muscles allowing limb movements Metabolic (function of the bone) - ANS -mineral reservoir for 99% of the body's calcium, 85% of phosphorus and 65% of the...

Which of the following is NOT one of the cardinal characteristics of Parkinson's disease: -Resting tremors -Bradykinesia (slow moving) -Akinesia (slow to initiate movement) -Rigidty (cogwheel movement) -Movement sequencing -Postural instability -Fatigue -numbing, tingling sensations - Answer - numbing, tingling sensations Sign/Symptoms of Alzheimer's disease? -Memory loss -Can't do simple tasks -speaking, writing -personality change -All of the above - Answer All of the abov...

Which of the following is NOT one of the cardinal characteristics of Parkinson's disease: -Resting tremors -Bradykinesia (slow moving) -Akinesia (slow to initiate movement) -Rigidity (cogwheel movement) -Movement sequencing -Postural instability -Fatigue -numbing, tingling sensations - ANS - numbing, tingling sensations Sign/Symptoms of Alzheimer's disease? -Memory loss -Can't do simple tasks -speaking, writing -personality change -All of the above - ANS ...

What does it mean when people feel pleasure in response to a stimulus? What does it mean when they experience displeasure? - ANS Pleasure signifies utility, displeasure signifies danger What is the "high road" described by LeDoux? - ANS Sensory thalamus => cortex => amygdala What is the "low road"? - ANS Sensory thalamus => amygdala Why would control of affective responses shift from the "high road" to the "low road" -- what would be the be...

What is the function of bone marrow? - Answer Makes red and white blood cells and platelets Function of Osteoblasts - Answer bone formation Function of Osteoclasts - Answer resorb/dissolve bone Wolff's Law - Answer Bone is laid down where it is needed (in response to stress) and resorbed where it is not needed Peak Bone Mass - Answer - late 20s/early 30s -genetic factors -nutritional factors -mechanical loading -hormonal milieu Osteoporosis - Answer -decreased bone mass -met...

Cells adapt by changing their: - Answer 1. size (hypertrophy or atrophy) 2. number (hyperplasia) 3. type (metaplasia) Relationship between hypertrophy and hyperplasia - Answer Hypertrophy occurs in cell types where hyperplasia, the generation of more cells, is uncommon (eg. muscle cells) Why might metaplasia occur? - Answer it occurs in response to chronic irritation and inflammation; one cell type replaces another Define dysplasia - Answer deranged cell growth resulting in varying si...

Oxidative stress - Answer May result from cell injury. Cells exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) that may cause cell damage if not scavenged by antioxidant enzymes Cells adapting by size - Answer Hypertrophy: Increase Atrophy: Decrease Cells adapting by number - Answer Hyperplasia: Increase Hypoplasia: Decrease Metaplasia - Answer one cell type is replaced by another cell type Dysplasia - Answer Deranged cell growth resulting in varying sizes, shapes, and disorganization ...

All diastolic murmurs are pathological. Murmurs Grades I-barely II-audible III- clearly audible. IV- first time thrill V-Steth edge VI-entire steth. EXAM - ANSWER-III first time audible, IV first time thrill Fundal height 12 weeks - ANSWER-Fundal Height 12 weeks above symphysis pubis. EXAM Fundus 16 weeks between symphysis pubis and umbilicus. Fundus at 20 weeks is at umbilicus. 2 cm more of less from # of wk gestation is normal if more or less order US 3 month old infant with down...

HS 350 - Exam 4 What is NOT a feature of a gram positive bacteria? - ANS It is not pink/red - appears purple with thick peptidoglycan Which of the following is true of endotoxins? - ANS A lipopolysaccharide that is part of the cell wall that gets released on destruction of bacteria (PAMP) Which of the following fictional bacteria might be shaped like small spheres? - ANS Bacteria with "cocci" in the name Which of the following diseases' symptoms are NOT caused by a ...

Bacteria is? - Answer prokaryote -cell wall -No nucleus -Most can produce outside host T/F? PAMPS can be found on various locations of the bacteria - Answer True.. T/F bacteria components cannot evade immune response - Answer False Some parts can Bacteria Classification Shape - Answer bacillus (pl. bacilli) •coccus(pl. cocci) •spirochetes Bacteria Classification - Answer Gram-positive Gram-negative gram postive bacteria - Answer appear purple in a Gram stain (sta...