Tufts pharmacology Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Prilocaine can cause - methoglobinemia Esther LAs. They are metabolized in the... - Procaine, tetracaine, cocaine, benzocaine. Plasma What must be true for a LA to penetrate tissue membranes? - Non-ionized (free base form) What drug can prolong the effect of Lidocaine? - Propanolol (competes for metabolism in liver, slows heart) High plasma levels of LA cause.....even higher plasma levels cause... - Depression of CNS Inhibitors....shuts down respiration This disease makes you more s...

List 3 esters - ANSWER Procaine Tetracaine Cocaine Where are amides metabolized? - ANSWER Liver Where are esters metabolized? - ANSWER Pseudocholinesterases in plasma What drug group has the most consistent drug structure? - ANSWER LA What LA causes methemoglobinemia? - ANSWER Prilocaine

which of the following is contraindicated in a patient who had an allergic reaction to procaine six months ago? a. nerve block with lidocaine b. topical application of lidocaine c. topical application of tetracaine d. infiltration with an antihistamine - ANSWER c

Hypotensive shock may result from excessive blood levels of each of the following local anesthetics EXCEPT a. Cocaine b. Procaine c. Lidocaine d. Tetracaine e. Mepivacaine e. Preventing an increase in membrane permeability to Na+

What are symptoms seen during allergic reactions to penicillins? - ANSWER 1. Dermatitis 2. Stomatitis 3. Bronchoconstriction 4. Cardovascular collapse What agent produces GI upsets and pseudomonas colitis? - ANSWER Clindamycin Which agents are most likely to cause superinfection? - ANSWER Broad spectrum agents

What happens w/Penicillin AND tetracycline? - ANSWER Cancel each other out What does Probenecid do? - ANSWER Prolongs penicillin by altering renal clearance. Uric acid reducer Broad spectrum antibiotics do what to Coumadin? - ANSWER Enhance it. (bind up vitamin k)

High plasma levels of LA can effect the CNS how? - ANSWER Initially CNS stimulation following CNS depression How do high plasma levels of LA cause CNS depression? - ANSWER Inhibition of inhibitory and excitatory neurons at higher doses What is the first sign your patient may experiencing toxicity from too much epi? - ANSWER Elevated pulse rate