Usmle stuvia Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Heterophile ab NEGATIVE Mono-like syndromes -ANSWER *CMV HHV-6 HIV Toxoplasmosis Wernicke's Aphasia -ANSWER -word salad: well-articulated, nonsensical speech paired with lack of lang comprehension -aud association cortex: post part of sup temporal gyrus - supplied by MCA Congenital Deficiency of Propionyl CoA Carboxylase -ANSWER -prevents conversion of propionyl CoA to methylmalonyl CoA -propionyl CoA derived from= val, ile, met, thr, odd # FA, cholesterol side chains -Propionic ...

Four causes of microcytic anemia - Answer TICS: Thalassemia Iron-deficiency anemia Chronic disease Sideroblastic anemia Elderly man with hypochromic, microcytic anemia is asymptomatic. Diagnostic tests? - Answer Suspect colorectal cancer: Fecal occult blood test Sigmoidoscopy Precipitants of hemolytic crisis in patients with G6PD deficiency - Answer Sulfonamides Antimalarial drugs Fava beans Most common inherited cause of hypercoagulability - Answer Factor V Leiden mutation M...

Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly, (also high D dimer, CHF without JVD) - ANSWERBudd-Chiari syndrome Achilles tendon xanthoma - ANSWERFamilial hypercholesterolemia Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC - ANSWERWaterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia) Arachnodactyly, lens dislocation, aortic dissection, hyperflexible joints - ANSWERMarfan's (fibrillin defect) Athlete with polycythemia - ANSWERErythropoietin injection Back pain, fever, night sweats, weight loss - ANSWE...

Klüver Bucy syndrome -ANSWER Hyperorality, hypersexuality, disinhibited behavior. Associated with HSV-1 Gerstmann Syndrome -ANSWER Lesion of the parietal-temporal cortex. Agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, and left-right disorientation. Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome -ANSWER Confusion, ophtalmoplegia, ataxia, memory loss (anterograde and retrograde amnesia), confabulation, personality changes. Wernicke problems come in a CAN of beer: Confusion, Ataxia, Nystagmus. Paramedian pontine r...

patients blood smear shows that he has small hyper chromic red cells, without central pallor. this is called______ and what is another issue they will likely have? - Answer speherocytes gallstones this HIV drug gives people bad dreams, dizzy, poor sleep, anxiety... - Answer Efafirenz abacavir side effect - Answer abacavir someone has urge incontinence. what is initial treatment? - Answer frequent voluntary voiding pt on sumatriptan for migraine, what else should she NOT take - Answe...

Patient presents with sudden onset of severe, diffuse abdominal pain. Exam reveals peritoneal signs and abdominal radiograph reveals free air under the diaphragm. Management? - Answer Emergent laparotomy to repair a perforated viscus. The most likely cause of acute lower GI bleeding in patients >40 - Answer Diverticulosis Diagnostic modality used when ultrasonography is equivocal for cholecystitis - Answer Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA) scan Risk factors for cholelithiasis -...

Risk factors for DVT - Answer Virchow triad: Stasis Endothelial injury Hypercoagulability Criteria for exudative effusion - Answer Pleural/serum protein >0.5 Pleural/serum LDH >0.6 Causes of exudative effusion - Answer Think of leaky capillaries: Malignancy TB Bacterial or viral infection Pulmonary embolism with infarct Pancreatitis Causes of transudative effusion - Answer Thik of intact capillaries: CHF Cirrhosis Nephrotic syndrome (protein-losing enteropathy) Nor...

bacteria associated with stomach cancer - Answer H. pylori bug in debilitated, hospitalized pneumonia patient - Answer Klebsiella 21-hydroxylase deficiency - Answer congenital adrenal hyperplasia congenital conjugated hyperbilirubinemia (black liver) - Answer Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin into bile) iodine deficit/hypothyroidism - Answer cretinism - corticosteroid therapy - excess ACTH secretion by pituitary - Answer Cushing's s...

Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) associated with abnormal H+ secretion and nephrolithiasis - Answer Type 1 (Distal) RTA RTA associated with abnormal HCO3 and rickets - Answer Type 2 proximal RTA RTA associated with aldosterone defect - Answer Type 4 distal RTA Doughy skin - Answer hypernatremia Differential for hypervolemic Hyponatremia - Answer Cirrhosis, CHF, nephrotic syndrome Chovestks sign, and Trosseuas - Answer Hypocalcemia The most common cause of Hypercalcemia - Answer mal...

Back pain that is excacerbated by standing and walking and relieved with sitting and hyperflecion of the hips - Answer Spinal stenosis Joints in the hand affected in rheumatoid arthritis. - Answer MCP and PIP joints; DIP joints are spared. Joint pain and stiffness that worsen over the course of the day and relieved by rest. - Answer Osteoarthritis Genetic disorder associated with multiple fractures and commonaly mistaken for child abuse. - Answer Osteogenesis Imperfectica.