Eukaryote diversity - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Alternation of generations - Cycle has BOTH multicellular haploid & multicellular diploid forms Are the most visible life stages of the land plant groups sporophytes (2n) or gametophytes (n)? - All are sporophyte except nonvascular is gametophyte Changing-environment hypothesis - offspring that are genetic clones of their parents are unlikely to thrive if the environment changes Crossing over - homologous chromosomes exchange genetic information Diploid dominant life cycle - Similar to ani...

Biological organization - ANSWER-atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere Prokaryote - ANSWER-a small unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles; bacteria and archaea Eukaryote - ANSWER-a cell (or often multiple cells) with a nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles that have specified functions What creates unity in the diversity of life? - ANSWER-DNA Unified because all organisms h...

define gene - a segment of DNA that codes for a functional product that influences a phenotype (mostly proteins, sometimes RNA) define mutation - changes in DNA that lead to a new or altered genes/ train, and ends up contributing to evolution explain the different levels of genetic study (molecular, cellular, organismal, population) - molecular: DNA, RNA, polypeptides/ proteins cellular: proteins affect the structure, function, and other characteristic of a cell organismal: traits of an ...

Biosphere Regions of the Earth's crust, waters, and atmosphere inhabited by living things Ecosystem a community plus the physical environment community interacting populations in a particular area organism an individual; complex individuals contain organ systems organ system composed of several organs working together organ composed of tissues functioning together for a specific task tissue a group of cells with a common structure and function cell the...

Biology 211 Exam 4 Questions With Correct Answers. What are the key characteristics of plants? - answer- Composed of one or more eukaryote cell(s) - Cell wall composed of cellulose - Chlorophyll in chloroplast How do plants acquire energy? - answerBy autotrophy (photosynthesis) How do plants acquire nutrients? - answerAbsorbed from the environment (Nitrogen and Phosphorus) How do plants produce ATP? - answerAerobic cellular respiration What plant is an exception? Why? - answerGhost pla...

What is a megabase (Mb)? correct answers 1 million bases Is there generally a difference in the amounts of DNA when comparing the genome sizes of viruses --> prokaryotes --> eukaryotes? How does this comparison relate to complexity of these organisms? Be careful. correct answers viruses < prokaryotes < eukaryotes genome sizes does not correlate with complexity, just because an organism has a bigger genome size does not make it more complex. Eukaryotes can differ dramatically...

What important functions do the following play in a cell: cytoplasmic membrane, ribosomes, cell wall? - ANS - cytoplasmic membrane: it is a permeable layer that separates the inside of the cell. - ribosomes: the cell's protein-synthesizing structures. - cell wall: lends structural strength to a cell (PLANT CELLS HAVE, ANIMALS DON'T) (pp. 2) If microbial life had not evolved, would you be here today? Give one good reason of why or why not. - ANS - In the absence of microo...

Biology Chapter 18 Practice Test 44 Questions with Verified Answers In the case of E. coli, the bacterium may need to synthesize tryptophan, or its host, a human, may supply all the tryptophan it needs. Why do both bacteria and humans need tryptophan? A) It is an important enzyme in the glycolysis pathway. B) It is one of the 20 amino acids used by all organisms to synthesize proteins. C) It is an important constituent of cell walls in both humans and bacteria. D) Tryptophan induces the ...

Bio 106 Final Exam What are Bacteria and Archaea both? - ANS prokaryotes whose DNA is not contained within a nucleus. What are characteristics of bacteria? - ANS -small, structurally simple and single-celled -3 shapes: coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spirillum (spiral) -widespread, abundant, diverse -most either harmless or beneficial What are some esesential ecological roles that many bacteria have? - ANS -decomposers -cycle nutrients -form p...

BIOL 180 Quiz 1 2023/24 100% CorrectBIOL 180 Quiz 1 2023/24 100% Correct Part 1 of 5 - Part 1: Text Material 36.0 Points Question 1 of 33 3.0 Points What process do scientists use as a way to perform research with defined steps that include experiments and careful observation? • A. A clean lab bench • B. The right hypothesis • C. The scientific method • D. A journal article Feedback:The scientific method is a tested series of steps so that a resea...