Acquired pneumonia - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Exam 2: NSG 124/ NSG124 (NEW 2024/ 2025 Update) Pharmacology | Review with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Graded A- Herzing Q: Penicillins - mechanism of action Answer: - weakens cell wall, causes water uptake and cell rupture - bactericidal (kills cells) Q: Ampicillin Answer: Penicillin preferred drug for gram-negative bacteria Q: patient education for Penicillins Answer: - take with full glass of water - take 1 hour before or 2 hours after...

Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ Epidemiology Community-Acquired Pneumonia • An estimated 5.6 million cases/year • Estimated total annual cost is $10 billion • 6th leading cause of death in U.S. - #1 cause of death from infectious diseases • Up to 80% of treatment is outpatient • Mortality rate varies - <1-5% outpatient - 12% inpatient - Up to 40% in critically ill/ICU admissions Pathogenesis Community-Acquired Pneumonia • Microor...

Epidemiology Community-Acquired Pneumonia - Ans • An estimated 5.6 million cases/year • Estimated total annual cost is $10 billion • 6th leading cause of death in U.S. - #1 cause of death from infectious diseases • Up to 80% of treatment is outpatient • Mortality rate varies - <1-5% outpatient - 12% inpatient - Up to 40% in critically ill/ICU admissions Pathogenesis Community-Acquired Pneumonia - Ans • Microorganisms gain access to the lower respiratory tract via: - I...

Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ Community-dwelling outpatient, or inpatient if diagnosis within 48 hours of admission CAP (Community acquired pneumonia) Community-dwelling patient ADMITTED with risk factors for multi-drug resistant pathogens HCAP (Healthcare-associated pneumonia) >/=48 hours after hospital admission (not incubating before admission) HAP (Hospital-acquired pneumonia) 48-72 hours after endotracheal intubation VAP (Ventilator-ass...

Explain the difference between community acquired pneumonia, hospital acquired pneumonia, and ventilator associated pneumonia. - Ans 1. CAP- community-dwelling outpatient or inpatient if diagnosis is within 48 hours of admission 2. HAP- patient has been in the hospital more than 48 hours before diagnosis 3. VAP- 48-72 hours after endotracheal intubation patient is diagnosed What are the signs and symptoms of pneumonia? - Ans 1. fever / chills 2. SOB / hypoxemia 3. cough / sputum productio...

Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ What are the Most Common Risk Factors associated with Community Acquired Pneumonia? -Decrease in Mucocillary Transport -Decrease in Immune Responses -Increase in Gram (-) Colonization -Decrease in Cough Reflux/Increase in Risk of Aspiration How is Mucocillary Transport Decreased? Smoking COPD C F Viral Infection Elderly How are Immune Responses Decreased? Chronically: -Ethanol -Elderly -Diabetes -Malnutrit...

Community Acquired Pneumonia Exam Questions And Answers Graded A+ What general categories can increase the likelihood of CAP? decreased mucociliary transport decreased host immune response decreased cough reflex (aspiration risk) List factors that decrease mucociliary transport. smoking COPD CF viral infection elderly List factors that decrease host immune response. ethanol abuse viral infection elderly hypoxemia DM, AIDS, cancer pulmonary edema malnutrition bacterial endotoxi...

What are the Most Common Risk Factors associated with Community Acquired Pneumonia? - Ans -Decrease in Mucocillary Transport -Decrease in Immune Responses -Increase in Gram (-) Colonization -Decrease in Cough Reflux/Increase in Risk of Aspiration How is Mucocillary Transport Decreased? - Ans Smoking COPD C F Viral Infection Elderly

Community acquired pneumonia & Hospital Acquired Pneumonia What qualifies as CAP? -ambulatory/outpatients (outside of a healthcare setting) -patients who are NOT residents of nursing homes or other long term facilities -diagnosed if present within 48hrs of a hospital admission What percent of cases is an unidentifiable cause of CAP? 40-60% What bacteria accounts for 2/3 of CAP isolates? S pneumoniae What is the most common viral infection that progresses into CAP PNA? Influenza So...

CAP is the ___________ infectious ds in the US and the ______________ leading cause of death. - Most deadly - 8th What normally prevents the development of lower respiratory tract infections following aspiration of oropharyngeal secretions containing bacteria or inhalation of infected aerosols? Pulmonary defense mechanisms (cough reflex, mucociliary clearance system, immune responses) CAP occurs when _________________ . There is a defect in 1 or more of the normal defense mechanisms (cou...