Bio 212 Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

what is a protist in the most general sense? An informal group of primarily aquatic eukaryotic organisms with diverse body forms, types of reproduction, modes of nutrition, and lifestyles -Algae, water molds, slide molds protozoa what are some different body plans of protist? -Mostly unicellular -some form colonies -some are coenocytic -some are multicellular What are some modes of nutrition for protists? - most algae are autotrophic photosynthesizes - Some heterotrophs obtain nutrients by abs...

How do liver cells obtain iron from the blood transferrin; endocytosis How do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells free iron from transferrin from acidity from the proton how do endosomes/lysosomes in liver cells export iron for cellular use iron/H+ co-transport Where is iron oxidase found in the liver cells on the plasma membrane How do liver cells export iron ferroportin how do liver cells store iron ferrotin What does low levels of O2 do to hepcidin blocks it What happens when there is a...

A compound contains hydroxyl groups as its predominant functional group. What is true of this compound? - It should dissolve in water A chemist wishes to make an organic molecule less acidic. What functional group should be added to the molecule? - Amino From its atomic number of 15, it is possible to predict that the phosphorus atom has? - 15 protons and 15 electrons What polymer is not found in cells? - polyethylene Which polymer contains sulfur? - protein What explains the attraction ...

BIO 2120 Exam 4 - Questions and Answers What proteins are found in the extracellular matrix that are recognized by cell surface proteins? Collagens Proteoglycans Fibronectin Laminin Cellular adhesion complexes that interact with ECM proteins Transmembrane integrins of focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes How do cells interact with each other? Cells interact with each other through cell adhesion complexes including adherens junctions, desmosomes and tight junctions Basal lamina Specialized meshwor...

BIO 2120 Exam 1 - Questions and Answers What is the most abundant molecule in cells? Water Atoms can rotate around ___ bonds but not around ___ bonds single, double The inorganic ions Na+ K+ Mg2+ Ca2+ HPO42- Cl- HCO3- Organic molecule classes 1. Carbohydrates 2. Lipids 3. Proteins 4. Nucleic acids Carbohydrates Simple sugars and polysaccharides, oligosaccharides (polymers of a few sugars) What is the main structural component of a plant cell wall? Of an animal cell wall? Cellulose for plants Ch...

BIO 2120 Exam 3 - Questions and Answers What is the key to maintaining the functional organization of a cell? The selectivity of vesicular transport- vesicles must recognize and fuse only with the appropriate target membrane Transport vesicles from the ER are coated with ___. Cytosolic coat proteins- coats assemble as the vesicle buds off and are removed in the cytosol before it reaches its target. The vesicles fuse with the target membrane, empty their cargo, and their membrane proteins diffus...

BIO 2120 Exam 2 - Questions and Answers RNA secondary and tertiary structure Defined by base pairing that forms stem-loops, critical for fitting onto the ribosome Genetic code collection of codons of mRNA, each of which directs the incorporation of a particular amino acid into a protein during protein synthesis In vitro translation Protein synthesis in a cell-free extract. How many possible codons are there? 64 61 specify an amino acid 3 are stop codons that signal the termination of protein sy...

Where are receptors located? in the peripheral nervous system What direction will the action potential of the sensory receptors travel? Afferent - towards the soma Sensory integration and the levels 1. Receptor level - sensory receptors 2. Circuit level - ascending pathways 3. Perceptual level - neuronal circuits in the cerebral cortex (cerebellum for somatic) what do sensory receptors sense? Special Senses: Olfaction (smell) Vision Gustation (taste) Hearing Equilibrium (balance) -Chemorec...

True or False: In both animals and plants, most adult cells contain all the genes present in the embryo. A. True for animals but not plants B. False for both plants and animals C. True for both animals and plants D. True for plants but not animals C. True for both animals and plants During oogenesis, meiosis results in ________. A. two equally sized cells that are both typically fertilized B. four equally sized cells that stop dividing in meiosis I C. two or three small cells and one large ce...

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism? -a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence -a single nucleotide deletion near the end of the coding sequence -a deletion of three nucleotides near the middle of a gene -a single nucleotide deletion in the middle of an intron a single nucleotide insertion downstream of, and close to, the start of the coding sequence Which of the following methods is NOT...