Effector mechanisms - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

What is a pathogen? ~~> A microorganism that causes disease e.g. bacteria, fungi, virus, parasite For an effective immune response the immune system must... ~~> - be able to recognise and respond to any invading organism - not over react to benign or self - be able to direct different effector mechanisms against different pathogens What is specific/adaptive immunity? ~~> - it is induced by exposure to a particular infection - shows a high degree of specificity - exhib...

Final exam SCI 221 Exam Questions And Answers To accomplish self-regulation, a highly complex and integrated communication control system or network is required. This type of network is called a(n) - ANS feedback control loop. Local control or _____, intrinsic mechanisms often make use of chemical signals. - ANS autoregulation The impact of effector activity on sensors may be positive or negative. Therefore, homeostatic control mechanisms are categorized as - ANS organs that...

Glucocorticoids correct answers enhance actions of glucagon and catecholamines (epinephrine) by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis during stress Physiology correct answers the study of how organisms work (eg. form and function) 1st law of thermodynamics correct answers energy cannot be created or destroyed 2nd law of thermodynamics correct answers entropy (disorder) always increases Input/output budget correct answers energy must be budgeted and allocated towards various bo...

What must an effective immune response do? (4 things) ~~> Be able to recognise and respond to invading pathogen Not over-react to to benign or self Be able to direct different effector mechanisms against different pathogens Links innate and adaptive responses What is adaptive immunity? (3 details) ~~> It is induced by exposure to a PARTICULAR infection, it has a high degree of specificity. It exhibits memory What is the clonal selection theory? Why? 2 | P a g e | © copyright ...

TEST BANK for Human Physiology 16th Edition by Stuart Fox| All Chapters | Complete Newest Version. Chapter 01 - Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology Chapter 01 Homeostasis: A Framework for Human Physiology Multiple Choice Questions 1. Which of these is NOT one of the four general categories of cells that make up the human body? A. epithelial cells B. collagen cells C. connective tissue cell D. neuron E. muscle cell Bloom's: Level: 1. Remember HAPS Objective: A06.01 Descr...

What is the purpose of the scientific method? The scientific method is an organized way to study the natural world and find out how it works. What are the steps of the scientific method? Ask a Question. Do Background Research. Construct a Hypothesis. Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment. Analyze Your Data and Draw a Conclusion. Communicate Your Results. Distinguish between independent and dependent variables An independent variable is the variable that is changed or ...

Test Bank for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, 10th Edition by Abul K. Abbas, Andrew H. Lichtman, Shiv Pillai. Full Chapters test bank are included - Chapter 1 to 21 Chapter1 Properties and Overview of Immune Responses Chapter2 Cells and Tissues of the Immune System Chapter3 Leukocyte Circulation and Migration into Tissues Chapter4 Innate Immunity Chapter5 Antibodies and Antigens Chapter6 Antigen Presentation to T Lymphocytes and the Functions of MHC Molecules Chapter7 Imm...

Immunology Exam 1 With Questions And 100% Correct Answers What are two examples of phagocytes? Neutrophils (PMN-polymorpho nuclear) and Macrophages (MO) True or false: Monocytes are precursors of macrophages. True. Monocytes are found in blood but when they move into tissues, they are macrophages. What cells are important for parasite control, allergy, and inflammation? 1. mast cell (release histamine when activated) 2. eosinophil (similar function as mast cell but arrive at scene...

Hierarchy of Complexity - ANSWER Atom Molecules Organelles Cells Tissue Organ Organ System Organism Molecules - ANSWER Particle composed of at least two atoms Organelles - ANSWER Microscopic structures in a cell that carry out individual functions Cells - ANSWER Smallest unit of an organism that carry out basic functions of life Tissue - ANSWER Mass of similar cells that form an organ and preform a specific function Organ - ANSWER Structure composed of two or more tissue ty...

enzymes - correct answer promote chemical reactions by bringing substrates together in an optimal orientation, thus creating an ideal chemical environment for the reaction to occur always return to original state decomposition - correct answer single compound breaks down into two or more elements or new compounds These reactions often involve heat, light, electricity synthesis - correct answer multiple reactants combine to form a single product Release energy in form of heat and light (...