Groups of organisms taxa - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

Study of biological diversity and the evolutionary relationships among organisms, both extinct and modern What is Taxonomy? Science of describing, naming, and classifying living and extinct organisms and viruses What are the 8 categories of taxonomic hierarchy (in order from species upward to broader classifications)? Species, Genus, Family, Order, Class, Phylum, Kingdom, Domain Who is the scientist that proposed the current two-part naming system for each species? Carolus Linnaeus What a...

BIOL 2400 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS biological evolution - ANS any change in inherited traits over generations in one population lineage - ANS a chain of ancestors and their descendants natural selection - ANS leads to evolution, mutation that enable a species to bettie survive and reproduce in its environment making them better then others synapomorphy - ANS a homologous trait that is derived form of a trait the is shared by a group of related species that ...

A good definition of phenotype is... - ️️the observed traits of an organism A monophyletic group (also called a clade) is defined as - ️️The set of species derived from one common ancestor A mutation in DNA found in which type of cell would be found in descendants as well as the individual in which the mutation occurred? - ️️a germ-like cell in an elephant's reproductive tract A mutation of one gene that affects cartilage metabolism can result in achondroplaia, which greatly redu...

Describe in your own words the difference between an experimental study, an observational study, and a comparative study. What sorts of questions are they each suited for (i.e., why don't researchers always use the experimental method)? Give an example of each type of study from this chapter. Answer An experimental study is one in which the researchers directly manipulate a variable of interest, typically changing it in one group of individuals and leaving it unchanged in a control group. The e...

How many species of animals, plants,and algae alone have been documented? 1.7 million What has the greatest diversity among multicellular organisms? Insects; nearly a million of the planet's species All life on Earth is derived from? a single, common ansestor what accounts for the vast diversity of life? Speciation What accounts for losses in diversity? Extinction Phylogeny Graphical representation of descent with modification that is a hypothesis of relationships between taxa What covers...

What is taxonomy? - The science of naming and classifying organisms. Who is the "Father" of Taxonomy? - Carolus Linnaeus Binomial nomenclature - Each species is assigned a unique two-part name. The first part is a noun that designates the genus and the second part is an adjective that modifies the noun called specific epithet. Modern hierarchy system of classification. Rules for scientific naming - 1. Typically latinized 2. Two part name: Genus and species 3. Genus is capitalized an...

Great Chain of Being Answer> species were arranged on a scale from lower to higher forms Linnean classification Answer> A classification system that breaks down animals into seven levels, each level being a taxon taxa Answer> nested hierarchy of groups taxonomy Answer> the science of describing, naming, and classifying species of living or fossil organisms Nicolas Steno Answer> discovered that animal and plant remains were preserved and transformed into stone in 166...

BIO 345 Final Exam | Questions and Answers (Complete Solutions) Which pattern best characterizes the history of extinctions on Earth? A. An increasing per capita background extinction rate B. Five major mass extinctions and several lesser episodes of heightened extinction rates C. Three major mass extinctions and several lesser episodes of heightened extinction rates D. Three major mass extinctions and a low background extinction rate E. An increase in the number of mass extinctions over time...

Classification of organisms according to evolutionary relationships. - Answer-Phylogeny Evolutionary classification - Answer-Taxonomy Domain> Kingdom> Phylum> Class> Order> Family> Genus> Species (Did King Phillip Come Over For Grandma's Soup) [ex. Homo sapien](italicized) - Answer-Linnaean system of classification (taxonomy) Basal Group: Branch from oldest common ancestor, no other branch from species. Sister Taxa: Share common ancestor - Answer-Phylogeny relationshi...

Why might Pasteur's experiment be inconclusive? - Answer The swan-necked flask broth may not support cell growth, or the broth was poisoned. Experiment did not confirm hypothesis that all cells come from pre-existing cells Why are replicates important in experiments? - Answer To ensure that results were not achieved by random chance What is the definition of a replicate? - Answer Unit that shares a common thing (4 mice in one cage = 1 replicate) What does the law of succession suggest?...