Exss 276 - Study guides, Class notes & Summaries

EXSS 276 Final Exam | Verified with 100% Correct Answers The movement of substances from the nephron tubule back into the bloodstream is referred to as: nephron replacement. nephron recirculation. tubular reabsorption. tubular secretion. The movement of substances from the bloodstream into the tubular nephron is referred to as: tubular reabsorption. tubular secretion. nephron replacement. nephron recirculation. The process by which plasma minus protein passes from the glomerulus into the tubul...

A drop of blood entering a renal artery would pass through a segmental artery, interlobar artery, and ______ before reaching a corticol radiate artery. arcuate artery globerular artery peritubular capillaries peritubular vanules - arcuate artery Absorption involves taking digested food into the body by diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and active transport. True False - True ADH acts on the _____ to regulate facultative water reabsorption. -proximal convoluted tubules -desce...

Anemia (RBC Deficiency) - Can be due to - - decreased Erythropoiesis (building of RBC) - increased destruction of RBCs - increased destruction of hemoglobin - more common in females than males Can result in - - decreased capacity to carry gases - decreased acid buffering capacity People with anemia can take iron supplements but It will take a period of time before a difference in energy is felt- months AP (action potential) in Heart Muscle Fibers - - rapid depolarization due to Na+ inf...

____ (____) muscle is located in the viscera; it is (striated/non-striated) and (voluntary/involuntary). - Smooth (visceral); non-striated; involuntary ____ functions as the motor protein in all 3 types of muscle tissue. - Myosin ____ is the key player in excitation-contraction coupling. - Ca++ ____ muscle forms the wall of the heart; it is (striated/non-striated) and (voluntary/involuntary) - Cardiac; striated; involuntary ____ muscle is that primarily attached to bones. It is (striated/n...

a-vO2 Difference - -what's left at the tissue -5 mL O2/ 100 mL blood Acidosis (Metabolic) - -blood pH < 7.35 -major effect is depression of central nervous system, impairment of transmission of signals (blood pH < 7) -can become disorientated and death is possible -too acidic Acidosis (Respiratory) - -systemic arterial pCO2 > 45 mm Hg -caused by build up of carbon dioxide -airways obstruction, disorders in respiratory muscles -compensations: increased exertion of H+ and reabs...

ADH - -increases permeability to water in cells of the distal tubule and collecting duct causing higher water reabsorption -increases aquaporin, water channels, content in the apical membrane -increases blood pressure and volume ANP - -decreases Na and water reabsorption -inhibits aldosterone and ADH release Buffering of H+ in the Urine - free H+ can be reabsorbed through a pump therefore we want it to bind to something Colloid Osmotic Pressure (COP) - -osmolarity of plasma proteins -25...

Active transport - requires energy; movement low to high Adenylate kinase - phosphotransferase enzyme transferring phosphate groups Anabolism - opposite of catabolism; endothermic Antiporters - move substrates in opposite directions ATP synthase - enzyme that generates ATP from ADP and free Pi Beta Oxidation - breakdown of free atty acid chain; 2 carbons cleaved off to form 1 acetyl CoA; each acetyl coa forms 14 ATP Catabolism - reversible reaction; break down molecules into smaller ones;...

3 metabolic crossroads - G6P, acetyl coA, pyruvate Acetyl coA is - Big on synthesis Alanine and Glutamine - Take nitrogen from the liver and turn it into glucose again ATP - Body's energy currency Beta-oxidation - Cleaving carbon chain down Deamination - Destroying of an amino acid group Enzymes associated with aerobic glycolysis - PDH Enzymes associated with anaerobic glycolysis - LDH Final products of glycolysis - 2 ATP, 2 NADH H+, 2 pyruvate Gluconeogenesis - Non CHO source to gluco...

ANS Neurons and Neurotransmitters - Neurons classified based upon the neuron transmitter released Cholinergic neurons: release ACh -all pre-ganglion neurons -All PNS post-ganglionic neurons -SNS post-gnaglionic neurons that innervate most sweat glands Adreneric neurons: release NE -Most SNS post-ganglion neurons ANS Neurons and Receptors - -Preganglionic neuron sends information between the spinal cord and the ganglion -Postganglionic neuron sends information between the ganglion and t...